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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-8139</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-655X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">651730</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0869813924100051</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">VRPZKD</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prenatal hypoxia of early organogenesis period influence on heart rate variability in rats of prepubescent and pubertal age</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние пренатальной гипоксии периода раннего органогенеза на показатели вариабельности сердечного ритма у крысят в препубертатный и пубертатный периоды</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Graf</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Граф</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nastjushka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maklakova</surname><given-names>А. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маклакова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nastjushka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslova</surname><given-names>М. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nastjushka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krushinskaya</surname><given-names>Yа. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крушинская</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nastjushka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseva</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nastjushka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>N. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nastjushka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kurchatov Phystech School of Nature-like, Plasma, and Nuclear Technologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Физтех-школа природоподобных, плазменных и ядерных технологий имени И. В. Курчатова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>110</volume><issue>10</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>1639</fpage><lpage>1651</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651730">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651730</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Risk factors associated with environmental exposure, especially during critical periods of intrauterine development, affect fetal development and increase the risk of certain diseases in adulthood including cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Hypoxia is considered the most common and clinically significant form of intrauterine stress that causes systemic pathological changes, in 78% of cases associated with cardiovascular system disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of acute hypoxia on the 10th day of gestation on heart rate and its regulation in rats’ offspring of prepubescent and pubertal age, as well as to analyze the dependence of resulting disorders on gender.</p> <p>By the beginning of puberty the heart rate of rats survived prenatal hypoxia was significantly higher than in control accompanied by significant decrease in heart rate variability (dX) which naturally leads to stress index (SI) increase indicating growing sympathetic activity in heart rhythm regulation. At the same time the base heart rate in animals suffered intrauterine hypoxia turned out to be lower than in control. The fact that matured animals of both sexes, survived intrauterine hypoxia in early organogenesis, also show changes in dX and SI indicates long-term and irreversible disorders in heart rhythm regulation. Thus hypoxia during early organogenesis is of a programming nature potentially increasing the risk of developing CVD in adult animals. Moreover the autonomic system balance shift towards the activation of sympathetic tone was more pronounced in females making them more vulnerable to the risk of developing cardiac pathology in puberty.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Факторы риска, связанные с воздействием окружающей среды, особенно в критические периоды внутриутробного развития, влияют на развитие плода и повышают риск определенных заболеваний во взрослой жизни, в том числе сердечно-сосудистых (ССЗ). Самой распространенной и клинически значимой формой внутриутробного стресса является гипоксия, причем системные патологические изменения, которые она вызывает, в 78% случаев касаются поражений сердечно-сосудистой системы. Цель данного исследования – оценить влияние гипоксического стресса, перенесенного на 10-е сутки гестации, на сердечный ритм и его регуляцию в препубертатный и пубертатный периоды жизни потомства крыс, а также проанализировать зависимость возникающих нарушений от пола. Показано, что к началу пубертатного периода ЧСС крысят, переживших пренатальную гипоксию, оказывается значимо выше, чем в контроле, и сопровождается достоверным падением вариабельности сердечного ритма (dX), что закономерно приводит к росту стресс-индекса (SI) и свидетельствует об усилении симпатической активности в регуляции ритма сердца. В то же время базовый сердечный ритм у животных, перенесших гипоксию внутриутробно, оказывается ниже, чем у контрольных. То, что у взрослых половозрелых животных обоих полов, переживших пренатальную гипоксию в период раннего органогенеза, также сохраняются изменения dX и SI, свидетельствует о долгосрочных и необратимых нарушениях регуляции сердечного ритма. Таким образом, гипоксия в период закладки первичной сердечной петли носит программирующий характер, потенциально увеличивая риск развития ССЗ уже у взрослых животных. При этом нарушения баланса вегетативной системы в сторону активации симпатического тонуса более выражены у самок, что делает их более уязвимыми к риску развития сердечной патологии в пубертатном периоде.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prenatal hypoxia</kwd><kwd>heart rate variability</kwd><kwd>autonomic nervous system</kwd><kwd>prenatal programming</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пренатальная гипоксия</kwd><kwd>вариабельность сердечного ритма</kwd><kwd>вегетативная нервная система</kwd><kwd>пренатальное программирование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>12586п-П8</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Joseph P, Leong D, McKee M, Anand SS, Schwalm JD, Teo K, Mente A, Yusuf S (2017) Reducing the Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease, Part 1: The Epidemiology and Risk Factors. 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