Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65173110.31857/S0869813924100062VRPBFJEXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticleIntrauterine growth restriction does not lead to pronounced changes in the regulation of arterial contractile responses in rats in the early postnatal periodЗадержка внутриутробного развития не приводит к выраженным изменениям в регуляции сократительных ответов артерий крыс в раннем постнатальном периодеShvetsovaА. А.ШвецоваА. А.
Russian Federation
Dina.Gaynullina@gmail.comSelivanovaЕ. К.СеливановаЕ. К.
Russian Federation
Dina.Gaynullina@gmail.comShilovaL. D.ШиловаЛ. Д.
Russian Federation
Dina.Gaynullina@gmail.comTarasovaО. S.ТарасоваО. С.
Russian Federation
Dina.Gaynullina@gmail.comGaynullinaD. К.ГайнуллинаД. К.
Russian Federation
Dina.Gaynullina@gmail.comLomonosov Moscow State UniversityМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. ЛомоносоваChemRar Research and Development InstituteНаучно-исследовательский институт «ХимРар»Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of SciencesГосударственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Институт медико-биологических проблем РАНru151020242024110101652166502022025Received:02022025Published:15102024Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651731

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is one of the most common pathologies of pregnancy. As a result of this pathology, the functioning of many systems, including the cardiovascular system, is disrupted. In adult animals who have suffered IUGR, the contribution of procontractile mechanisms regulating vascular tone (for example, the Rho-kinase signaling pathway) increases, and the contribution of anticontractile mechanisms (for example, endothelial NO), on the contrary, decreases, which can lead to vasospasm and impaired blood supply to organs. Since NO and Rho-kinase have a pronounced vasomotor role in early postnatal ontogenesis, the purpose of this work was to assess the influence of IUGR on the contribution of these mechanisms to the regulation of arterial contractile responses in early postnatal ontogenesis. IUGR was modeled by limiting the amount of food consumed by females (by 50%) from the 11th day of pregnancy until birth. In offspring aged 11 - 12 days, the reactions of the isolated saphenous artery were studied in isometric mode, and the content of mRNA and proteins of interest in this artery was also assessed. IUGR did not lead to a change in the reactivity of the arteries of the offspring to the α1-adrenergic receptor agonist methoxamine. The increase in contractile responses to methoxamine in the presence of the NO-synthase inhibitor L-NNA, as well as the expression levels of eNOS (mRNA and protein) and arginase-2 (mRNA) were not changed in the arteries of IUGR rats, while the sensitivity of the arteries to the exogenous NO donor DEA /NO was higher in IUGR compared to control rat pups. Despite the relatively low content of RhoA and Rho-kinase II proteins in the arterial tissue of rat pups from the IUGR group, the decrease in contractile responses under the influence of the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632 was equally pronounced in the arteries of rat pups from two experimental groups. Thus, IUGR, caused by maternal nutritional restriction during pregnancy, does not lead to pronounced changes in the regulation of systemic vascular tone in the early postnatal period.

Задержка внутриутробного развития (ЗВУР) является одной из наиболее частых патологий беременности. В результате данной патологии нарушается функционирование многих систем, в том числе сердечно-сосудистой. У взрослых животных, перенесших ЗВУР, увеличивается вклад проконстрикторных механизмов регуляции сосудистого тонуса (например, сигнального пути Rho-киназы), а вклад антиконстрикторных механизмов (например, эндотелиального NO), напротив, уменьшается, что может приводить к спазмированию сосудов и нарушению кровоснабжения органов. Поскольку NO и Rho-киназа обладают ярко выраженной вазомоторной ролью в раннем постнатальном онтогенезе, целью данной работы стала оценка влияния ЗВУР на вклад этих механизмов в регуляцию сократительных ответов артерии системного кровообращения в раннем постнатальном онтогенезе. ЗВУР моделировали путем ограничения количества потребляемого самками корма (на 50%) с 11-го дня беременности до родов. У потомства в возрасте 11–12 дней исследовали реакции изолированной подкожной артерии в изометрическом режиме, а также оценивали содержание в этой артерии интересующих мРНК и белков. ЗВУР не привела к изменению реактивности артерий потомства на агонист α1-адренорецепторов метоксамин. Увеличение сократительных ответов на метоксамин в присутствии ингибитора NO-синтаз L-NNA, а также уровни экспрессии eNOS (мРНК и белка) и аргиназы-2 (мРНК) не были изменены в артериях крысят c ЗВУР, тогда как чувствительность артерий к экзогенному донору NO DEA/NO у них была выше, чем у контрольных крысят. Несмотря на сравнительно низкое содержание белков RhoA и Rho-киназы II в ткани артерий крысят группы ЗВУР, уменьшение сократительных ответов под действием ингибитора Rho-киназы Y27632 было одинаково выраженным в артериях крысят двух экспериментальных групп. Таким образом, ЗВУР, обусловленная ограничением питания матери во время беременности, не приводит к ярко выраженным изменениям в регуляции тонуса системных сосудов в раннем постнатальном периоде.

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