Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65174110.31857/S0869813924090027AKGKFAREVIEWОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticleThe role of the serotoninergic system in functional recovery after spinal cord injuryРоль серотонинергической системы в функциональном восстановлении после травмы спинного мозгаKonovalovaS. P.КоноваловаС. П.
Russian Federation

Scientific Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Department of Neurobiology

Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Направление “Нейробиология”

musienko.pe@talantiuspeh.ruSysoevY. I.СысоевЮ. И.
Russian Federation

Scientific Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Department of Neurobiology; Institute of Translational Biomedicine

Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Направление “Нейробиология”; Институт трансляционной биомедицины

musienko.pe@talantiuspeh.ruVetluginaA.ВетлугинаА.
Russian Federation

Scientific Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Department of Neurobiology

Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Направление “Нейробиология”

musienko.pe@talantiuspeh.ruArsentievK. A.АрсентьевК. А.
Russian Federation

Scientific Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Department of Neurobiology

Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Направление “Нейробиология”

musienko.pe@talantiuspeh.ruMusienkoP. E.МусиенкоП. Е.
Russian Federation

Scientific Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Department of Neurobiology

Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Направление “Нейробиология”

musienko.pe@talantiuspeh.ruSirius University of Science and TechnologyНаучно-технологический университет “Сириус”Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАНSaint Petersburg State UniversityСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетLife Improvement by Future Technologies Center “LIFT”Federal Center of Brain Research and NeurotechnologiesФедеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий1509202411091294131502022025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651741

The serotoninergic system plays an essential role in the modulation of the spinal networks activity involved in the control of motor, sensory, and visceral functions. Spinal cord injury (SCI) can induce a state of overexcitation that contributes to pain, spasticity, and dysregulation of autonomic functions. At the same time, 5-NT axons are known to adapt faster than others to pathophysiologic changes and leave the ability to sprout and regenerate after injury. A number of experimental animal studies as well as some clinical observations suggest that the serotoninergic system is a key endogenous resource for posttraumatic recovery after SCI. Specific therapy may include administration of serotoninergic drugs and intraspinal transplantation of 5-NT neurons. This review discusses the role of the serotoninergic system in functional recovery after SCI and the prospects for the use of serotoninergic drugs in neurorehabilitation.

Серотонинергическая система играет важную роль в модуляции активности спинномозговых сетей, участвующих в контроле двигательных, сенсорных и висцеральных функций. Повреждение проводящих путей при травме спинного мозга (ТСМ) может вызвать состояние чрезмерного возбуждения, что способствует развитию боли, спастичности и дисрегуляции вегетативных функций. При этом известно, что аксоны серотонинергических нейронов быстрее других адаптируются к патофизиологическим изменениям и оставляют способность к прорастанию и регенерации даже после травмы. Ряд экспериментальных исследований на животных, а также некоторые клинические наблюдения дают основания полагать, что серотонинергическая система является ключевым эндогенным ресурсом посттравматического восстановления. Специфическая терапия может включать использование серотонинергических препаратов и интраспинальную трансплантацию серотонинергических нейронов. Настоящий обзор посвящен обсуждению роли серотонинергической системы в функциональном восстановлении после ТСМ и перспективам использования серотонинергических препаратов при нейрореабилитации.

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