Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65174610.31857/S0869813924090073AJVIPEEXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticleExpression of parvalbumin, osteopontin and glypican 4 in neurons of lumbar region distant from the epicenter of traumatic spinal cord injuryЭкспрессия парвальбумина, остеопонтина и глипикана 4 в нейронах отдаленного от эпицентра травматического повреждения поясничного отдела спинного мозгаTutovaO. N.ТутоваО. Н.
Russian Federation
ikabdesh@gmail.comKabdeshI. M.КабдешИ. М.
Russian Federation
ikabdesh@gmail.comMukhamedshinaYa. O.МухамедшинаЯ. О.
Russian Federation
ikabdesh@gmail.comChelyshevYu. A.ЧелышевЮ. А.
Russian Federation
ikabdesh@gmail.comKazan (Volga region) Federal UniversityКазанский (Приволжский) федеральный университетKazan State Medical UniversityКазанский государственный медицинский университетru15092024202411091377138902022025Received:02022025Published:15092024Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651746

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is manifested by pathologic changes in the areas significantly distant from the area of primary injury. In order to find new potential therapeutic targets to restore motor function, it is particularly relevant to identify the causes and mechanisms of these shifts in the lumbar spinal cord when injury occurs in the proximal spinal cord. On the model of dosed SCI the expression of Ca-binding protein parvalbumin (PARV), osteopontin (OPN) and glypican 4 (GPC4) in neurons of laminae VII, VIII and IX within segments L3–4 on 7 and 60 days of the experiment was studied. Laminas VII and IX show a decrease in the number of PARV+ neurons during the acute and chronic phase of SCI, which may indicate a decrease in calcium binding in ventral horn neurons at the level of segments L3–4. Decreased PARV expression in these neurons indicates an increased risk of their vulnerability and impaired motor function. The pattern of OPN expression in lumbar horn neurons distant from the epicenter of traumatic injury was studied for the first time. In all the studied laminae in the ventral horns of the gray matter, we did not observe shifts in the number of OPN+ neurons both in the acute and chronic phases of SCI. In lamina IX of the lumbar spinal cord, we found an increase in the number of GPC4+ neurons in the acute posttraumatic period, which can be regarded as a key positive adaptive reaction of neurons in the lumbar spinal cord remote from the epicenter of injury. The assessment of this reaction as positive is based on the data on the binding of GPC4 anchored on the neuron surface to various molecules with neuroprotective activity and stimulating neuroregeneration.

Травма спинного мозга (ТСМ) проявляется патологическими изменениями в областях, значительно отдаленных от области первичного повреждения. Для поиска потенциальных терапевтических мишеней с целью восстановления двигательной функции особенно актуально выявить причины и механизмы этих сдвигов в поясничном отделе спинного мозга при повреждении в проксимальных его отделах. На модели дозированной контузионной ТСМ крысы на уровне сегмента Th8 изучена экспрессия Ca-связывающего белка парвальбумина (PARV), остеопонтина (OPN) и глипикана 4 (GPC4) в нейронах пластинок VII, VIII и IX в пределах сегментов L3–4 на 7-е и 60-е сутки эксперимента. В пластинках VII и IX в острую и хроническую фазу ТСМ показано уменьшение количества PARV+ нейронов, что может указывать на снижение связывания кальция в нейронах передних рогов на уровне сегментов L3–4. Снижение экспрессии PARV в этих нейронах указывает на повышение риска их уязвимости и нарушения двигательной функции. Впервые изучен характер экспрессии OPN в нейронах поясничного отдела, отдаленного от эпицентра травматического повреждения. Во всех изученных пластинках в передних рогах серого вещества нами не отмечены сдвиги в количестве OPN+ нейронов как в острой, так и в хронической фазе ТСМ. В пластинке IX поясничного отдела выявлено увеличение количества GPC4+ нейронов в остром посттравматическом периоде, что можно рассматривать в ключе позитивной приспособительной реакции нейронов в отдаленном от эпицентра повреждения поясничном отделе спинного мозга. Оценка этой реакции как позитивной основана на данных о связывании заякоренного на поверхности нейрона GPC4 с различными молекулами, обладающими нейропротекторной активностью и стимулирующими нейрорегенерацию.

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