Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65175110.31857/S0869813924090125AJEZQHEXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticleEvoked synchronization of theta EEG rhythm during preparation of memory-guided saccades and antisaccaded in normals and in patients with clinically high risk for schizophreniaВызванная синхронизация тета-ритма ЭЭГ при подготовке саккад и антисаккад по памяти в норме и у больных с клинически высоким риском шизофренииPavlovA. V.ПавловА. В.
Russian Federation
alexandersun121@gmail.comSlavutskayaM. V.СлавуцкаяМ. В.
Russian Federation
alexandersun121@gmail.comOmelchenkoM. A.ОмельченкоМ. А.
Russian Federation
alexandersun121@gmail.comKotenevA. V.КотеневА. В.
Russian Federation
alexandersun121@gmail.comLebedevaI. S.ЛебедеваИ. С.
Russian Federation
alexandersun121@gmail.comLomonosov Moscow State UniversityМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваMental Health Research CenterНаучный центр психического здоровья1509202411091440145402022025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651751

One of the informative and widely used approaches to understanding the pathogenetic (including neurobiological) mechanisms of schizophrenia is the study of patients with clinically high risk (CHR) for the disease. The power and topography of the theta rhythm event-related synchronization (ERS) related to peripheral stimulus that must be remembered (memory-guided saccades/antisaccades paradigm) have been studied in the groups of 20 mentally healthy subjects and 20 patients with CHR. The analysis was carried out according to the Pfurtscheller method. Based on the saccades latency value and the error numbers, the task performance was decreased in patients with CHR compared to healthy subjects. Intergroup differences by theta rhythm ERS magnitude and topography were found for three consecutive delay period intervals (900 ms each) before saccades to the right and antisaccades to the left. The findings are considered as being the reflection of violations of the spatial attention and working memory maintaining in CHR patients that has a certain interhemispheric asymmetry. It has been suggested an activation of the compensatory processes and the cognitive control reorganization of the fronto-parietal networks with predominantly right hemisphere preservation at the early stage of schizophrenia development.

Одним из информативных и широко применяемых подходов к пониманию патогенетических (в том числе нейробиологических) механизмов шизофрении являются исследования пациентов с клинически высоким риском (КВР) заболевания. В группах из 20 здоровых испытуемых и 20 больных с КВР изучали выраженность и топографию вызванной синхронизации (ВС) тета-ритма ЭЭГ, связанной с включением периферического стимула, который надо запомнить (парадигма «саккады/антисаккады по памяти»). Анализ ВС проводили по методике Дж. Фертшеллера. По данным величин латентных периодов саккадических ответов и числа ошибок выявили снижение эффективности выполнения задания у больных с КВР по сравнению со здоровыми испытуемыми. Обнаружены межгрупповые различия в выраженности максимальных пиков и топографии ВС тета-ритма в трех последовательных интервалах периода задержки (по 900 мс) при саккадах вправо и антисаккадах влево. Полученные результаты рассматриваются как отражение аномалий в процессах поддержания рабочей памяти и пространственного внимания у больных с КВР, характеризующиеся определенной межполушарной асимметрией. Высказано предположение о «включении» компенсаторных процессов и «реорганизации» фронто-теменных сетей когнитивного контроля с преимущественной сохранностью правого полушария на ранней стадии развития шизофрении.

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