Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences68741110.31857/S0869813925060065TFAQUZEXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticleComparative Analysis of Electromyographic Indicators of Subjects During Sensorimotor Training in Various Social Conditions of Activity in DyadsСравнительный анализ электромиографических показателей испытуемых при сенсомоторных тренингах в различных социальных условиях деятельности в диадахGalushkaE. S.ГалушкаЕ. С.
Russian Federation
galushka_es@academpharm.ruMurtazinaE. P.МуртазинаЕ. П.
Russian Federation
galushka_es@academpharm.ruPertsovS. S.ПерцовС. С.
Russian Federation
galushka_es@academpharm.ruFederal Research Center for Innovator and Emerging Biomedical and Pharmaceutical TechnologiesФедеральный исследовательский центр оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий1506202511169129281307202513072025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/687411

The objective is to analyze the amplitude-spectral indicators of electromyograms and their relationships with the performance of subjects during sensorimotor training in different social conditions of activity in dyads. The study was conducted on 256 subjects. As a model of activity, the sensorimotor training “Columns” of the software and hardware complex “BOS-Kinesis” (LTD “Neurotech”, Taganrog) was used with biological feedback from electromyographic signals from the radial flexor of the wrist (lat. flexor carpi radialis) of the leading hand of the subjects performing the task in 3 social contexts: individual, competitive and cooperative. As a result of the study of EMG characteristics of the sensorimotor activity of subjects in different social conditions, the following gender differences were revealed: at the individual stage, women have higher frequency characteristics of EMG, and men have higher amplitude and power of the EMG spectrum at the stages of competition and cooperation. The dynamics of EMG characteristics in women, unlike men, is associated with changes in social activity conditions. The variability of the frequency characteristics of the EMG spectrum increased in both men and women under joint activity conditions. Opposite directions of changes in the variability of the integral amplitude and total power of the EMG spectrum in joint activity contexts compared to individual ones were found: an increase in these indicators in men, but a decrease in women. In the female sample, the training performance correlated positively with the average EMG frequency values in all activity contexts, and negatively with the amplitude and power of the EMG spectrum during cooperation. The performance of men and women in all sensorimotor activity conditions correlated negatively with the variability of EMG characteristics. The results of the study contribute to the understanding of the features of the implementation of voluntary human movements when performing sensorimotor tasks in various conditions of social interactions. The obtained data can form the basis for identifying prognostic criteria for the effectiveness of joint sensorimotor activity to create methods for selecting successful teams and optimizing production processes.

Цель настоящей работы – анализ амплитудно-спектральных показателей электромиограмм и их взаимосвязей с результативностью испытуемых при выполнении сенсомоторных тренингов в разных социальных условиях деятельности в диадах. Исследование проведено на 256 испытуемых. В качестве модели деятельности использовался сенсомоторный тренинг “Столбики” программно-аппаратного комплекса “БОС-Кинезис” (ООО “Нейротех”, Россия) с биологической обратной связью от электромиографических сигналов с лучевого сгибателя кисти (лат. flexor carpi radialis) ведущей руки испытуемых, выполнявших задание в трех социальных контекстах: индивидуальном, соревновательном и кооперативном. При исследовании характеристик ЭМГ (электромиограммы) сенсомоторной деятельности испытуемых в разных социальных условиях выявлены следующие половые различия: на индивидуальном этапе выше частотные характеристики ЭМГ у женщин, а при соревновании и кооперации – больше амплитуда и мощность спектра ЭМГ у мужчин. Динамика показателей ЭМГ женщин, в отличие от мужчин, сопряжена с изменением социальных условий деятельности. Вариабельность частотных характеристик спектра ЭМГ возрастала и у мужчин, и у женщин в совместных условиях деятельности. Обнаружен противоположный характер изменений вариабельности интегральной амплитуды и суммарной мощности спектра ЭМГ в совместных контекстах деятельности по сравнению с индивидуальным: рост этих показателей у мужчин, снижение – у женщин. В женской выборке результативность тренингов положительно коррелировала со средними показателями частоты ЭМГ во всех контекстах деятельности, отрицательно – с амплитудой и мощностью спектра ЭМГ при кооперации. Результативность мужчин и женщин во всех условиях сенсомоторной деятельности отрицательно коррелировала с вариабельностью характеристик ЭМГ. Результаты исследования вносят вклад в понимание особенностей реализации произвольных движений человека при выполнении сенсомоторных заданий в различных условиях социальных взаимодействий. Полученные данные могут лечь в основу выявления прогностических критериев эффективности совместной сенсомоторной деятельности для создания методик подбора успешно действующих команд и оптимизации производственных процессов.

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