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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-8139</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-655X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">698252</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2658655X25110046</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Differential Gene Expression in the Lungs of Rats with Experimental Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>АНАЛИЗ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЭКСПРЕССИИ ГЕНОВ В ЛЕГКИХ КРЫС С ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ ТРОМБОЭМБОЛИЧЕСКОЙ ЛЕГОЧНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vachrushev</surname><given-names>N. S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вахрушев</surname><given-names>Н. С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>drabrikos@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilenko</surname><given-names>L. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиленко</surname><given-names>Л. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>A. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>А. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivkin</surname><given-names>D. Y</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивкин</surname><given-names>Д. Ю</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galagudza</surname><given-names>M. M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галагудза</surname><given-names>М. М</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostareva</surname><given-names>A. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костарева</surname><given-names>А. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>O. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>О. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>111</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 111, NO11 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 111, №11 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>1750</fpage><lpage>1766</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-09"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/698252">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/698252</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) remains a severe disease with low survival rates in inoperable patients, despite advances in treatment. The molecular mechanisms underlying CTEPH pathogenesis are not fully understood, necessitating further research to identify new therapeutic targets. Although numerous animal models of CTEPH have been developed, demonstrating their clinical relevance requires establishing molecular bioequivalence with human pathophysiological processes, particularly through matching gene expression profiles. To analyze differential gene expression in rat lung tissues following CTEPH modeling using alginate microsphere administration and to assess the applicability of this model for developing and studying new therapeutic strategies for CTEPH. CTEPH was modeled in Wistar rats via repeated intravenous injections of biodegradable alginate microspheres. The transcriptional profile of lung tissue samples collected from CTEPH rats at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and control rats was analyzed using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using DESeq2. Gene expression changes were validated by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that CTEPH modeling at 2 weeks upregulated genes associated with inflammation, whereas at 6 weeks, downregulation of extracellular matrix-related genes was observed. Transcription factor analysis showed predominant regulation of DEG promoters by C2H2 zinc finger proteins Zfp278 and KIF5, suggesting their involvement in the cellular response during CTEPH development. RT-PCR validation of Cav1, Eng, vWF, and Gja5 expression in a larger set of lung tissue samples confirmed the dynamic changes detected in the transcriptomic analysis. This study identified dynamic transcriptional changes during CTEPH development in rats, including dysregulation of extracellular matrix, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction-related genes, consistent with current understanding of CTEPH pathogenesis. The findings demonstrate that the developed rat model exhibits transcriptional profile alterations comparable to those observed in human CTEPH, supporting its relevance for preclinical research.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Хроническая тромбоэмболическая легочная гипертензия (ХТЭЛГ) остается тяжелым заболеванием с низкими показателями выживаемости у неоперабельных пациентов, несмотря на успехи в лечении. Молекулярные механизмы, лежащие в основе патогенеза ХТЭЛГ, не полностью изучены, что требует дальнейших исследований для выявления новых терапевтических мишеней. Несмотря на то, что разработано множество моделей ХТЭЛГ на животных, для установления их клинической значимости требуется демонстрация молекулярной биоэквивалентности с патофизиологическими процессами человека, в частности посредством соответствия профилей экспрессии генов. Цель работы – проанализировать дифференциальную экспрессию генов в тканях легких крыс при моделировании ХТЭЛГ введением альгинатных микросфер и оценить возможность применения данной модели для изучения новых терапевтических подходов при ХТЭЛГ. ХТЭЛГ была смоделирована у крыс линии Wistar с помощью повторных внутривенных инъекций биодеградируемых альгинатных микросфер. Транскрипционный профиль в образцах легочной ткани, взятых у крыс с ХТЭЛГ на 2-й и 6-й неделях, а также крыс контрольной группы, был проанализирован с помощью технологии высокопроизводительного секвенирования РНК. Дифференциально экспрессируемые гены (ДЭГ) были идентифицированы с использованием DESeq2. Валидацию изменения экспрессии генов проводили методом ПЦР с обратной транскрипцией (ОТ-ПЦР). Транскриптомный анализ выявил, что при моделировании ХТЭЛГ на 2-й неделе повышалась экспрессия генов, связанных с воспалением, тогда как на 6-й неделе наблюдалось снижение экспрессии генов, ассоциированных с внеклеточным матриксом. Анализ факторов транскрипции выявил преимущественное регулирование промоторов ДЭГ белками семейства цинковых пальцев С2Н2: Zfp278 и KIf5, что предполагает их участие в клеточном ответе при формировании ХТЭЛГ. Анализ экспрессии генов Cav1, Eng, vWF, Gja5 методом ОТ-ПЦР на большей выборке образцов ткани легких подтвердил динамику изменения экспрессии, выявленную при анализе транскриптома. Проведенное исследование выявило динамические транскрипционные изменения при формировании ХТЭЛГ у крыс, включая дисрегуляцию генов внеклеточного матрикса, воспаления и эндотелиальной дисфункции, что соответствует современным представлениям патогенеза ХТЭЛГ. Полученные данные демонстрируют сопоставимость разработанной животной модели на крысах с течением ХТЭЛГ у людей на уровне изменения транскрипционного профиля.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)</kwd><kwd>vascular remodelling</kwd><kwd>RNA sequencing</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>RT-PCR</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Хроническая тромбоэмболическая легочная гипертензия (ХТЭЛГ)</kwd><kwd>ремоделирование сосудов</kwd><kwd>секвенирование РНК</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>ОТ-ПЦР</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-75-10122, https://rscf.ru/project/23-75-10122/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Avdeev SN, Barbarash OL, Valieva ZS, Volkov AV, Veselova TN, Galyavich AS, Goncharova NS, Gorbachevsky SY, Gramovich VY, Danilov NM, Klimenko AA, Martynyuk TY, Moiseeva OM, Ryzhkova DV, Simakova MA, Sinitsyn VE, Stukalova OV, Chazova IE, Chernogrivov IE, Shmalts AA, Tsareva NA (2024) Clinical practice guidelines for Pulmonary hypertension, including chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. 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