Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences69825910.7868/S2658655X25110117EXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticleColonic Segment-Specific Effect of Lipopolysaccharide on TRPV1 and TRPA1 Levels in RatsСЕГМЕНТ-СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКОЕ ДЕЙСТВИЕ ЛИПОПОЛИСАХАРИДА НА УРОВЕНЬ КАНАЛОВ TRPV1 И TRPA1 В ТОЛСТОЙ КИШКЕ КРЫСЫDvornikovaK. AДворниковаК. Аemail@example.comBystrovaE. YuБыстроваЕ. Юemail@example.comPlatonovaO. NПлатоноваО. Нemail@example.comFedorovaA. AФедороваА. Аemail@example.comMarkovA. GМарковА. Гmarkovag@infran.ruPavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАНSt. Petersburg State UniversityСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет1511202511111VOL 111, NO11 (2025)ТОМ 111, №11 (2025)1860187409122025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/698259

One of the most pressing issues in visceral physiology is the investigation of the molecular mechanisms behind pain signal interoception. Chronic abdominal pain is a type of pain sensitivity that arises during gastrointestinal disorders and frequently persists after they are healed. Abdominal pain syndrome is caused by molecular alterations in the intestinal wall, the specifics of which are still unknown. TRPV1 and TRPA1 are transient receptor potential (TRP) channels found in enteric nervous system nerve cells that contribute to the development of visceral pain and hypersensitivity perception. The rat colon's uneven distribution of channels along its proximal-distal axis suggests they may be involved in the initial stages of abdominal pain sensitivity. The goal of the present study was to evaluate segment-specific alterations in TRPV1 and TRPA1 channel levels after inflammation is initiated by a single lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dose. The study used the "cold and hot plate" pain sensitivity test, morphometric analysis methods, recording of electrophysiological parameters in the USsing chamber, and Western blotting to assess the TRPA1 and TRPV1 protein expression. The results of this research show that a unitary administration of LPS leads to diminished TRPA1 levels in both the ascending and descending colons. No variations in TRPV1 levels were found in the ascending colon, but a significant rise was recorded in the descending colon. There were no observed changes in nociception in "cold and hot plate" test. Thus, a segment-specific alteration in the levels of TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels was established in the direct model of LPS toxicity.

Исследование молекулярных механизмов интероцепции болевых сигналов остается актуальной проблемой висцеральной физиологии. Одним из видов болевой чувствительности являются хронические абдоминальные боли, возникающие при заболеваниях желудочно-кишечного тракта и часто продолжающиеся после их завершения. Развитие абдоминального болевого синдрома инициируется запуском молекулярных изменений в стенке кишки, детали которого остаются не исследованными. Каналы транзиторного рецепторного потенциала (TRP), а именно TRPV1 и TRPA1, расположены в нервных клетках энтеральной нервной системы и участвуют в формировании ощущения висцеральной боли и гиперчувствительности. Толстая кишка крыс имеет неравномерное распределение этих каналов на протяжении своей проксимально-дистальной оси. Предполагается, что эти каналы могут быть вовлечены в начальные этапы формирования абдоминальной болевой чувствительности. Целью данного исследования было изучение сегмент-специфического изменения уровня каналов TRPV1 и TRPA1 при инициации воспаления однократным введении липополисахарида (ЛПС). В исследовании использовали тест на болевую чувствительность "холодная и горячая пластина", методы морфометрического анализа, регистрацию электрофизиологических параметров в камере Уссинга и вестерн-блот для оценки уровня белков TRPA1 и TRPV1. Однократное введение ЛПС приводит к уменьшению уровня TRPA1 в восходящем и в нисходящем отделах толстой кишки. В восходящем отделе изменения уровня TRPV1 не выявлено, в то же время в нисходящем отделе зарегистрировано значительное увеличение уровня TRPV1. В тесте "горячая и холодная пластина" изменения ноцицепции не наблюдалось. Таким образом, в прямой модели ЛПС-токсичности было установлено сегмент-специфическое изменение уровня TRPV1- и TRPA1-каналов.

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