Efficiency of conservative treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with rigid braces. A review

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Abstract

Idiopathic scoliosis is currently the most common and least studied form of adolescent scoliosis. Treatment of this pathology is not standardized and can be carried out both conservatively and surgically. However, given the decrease in quality of life, a high frequency of postoperative complications, conservative treatment under certain criteria is the method of choice for managing these patients. The purpose of this review was to determine the effectiveness of conservative treatment of scoliosis with rigid braces and its dependence on certain criteria. In medical search databases, we reviewed studies of the treatment of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, depending on the magnitude of the Cobb angle. The inclusion criterion was publications containing the treatment of patients with a Risser test of up to 4, aged 10 to 17 years. Search databases using keywords (idiopathic, scoliosis, conservative treatment) for a five-year period (from January 2019 to January 2024) yielded 387 articles. Exclusion criteria: review articles, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, articles containing treatment exclusively with exercises without any fixation, and duplicate articles. We reviewed 25 articles that met the criteria. Treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with a Cobb angle of no more than 50 degrees is most often effective with rigid braces. The limitation of conservative therapy is due to the impossibility of controlling the wearing of the device, as well as the complexity of psychological adaptation of adolescents. Conservative treatment of scoliosis by fixation with rigid braces is an effective method for treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. However, the treatment result is influenced not only by the initial level of curvature (up to 40 degrees of the leading arc), but also by sufficient growth potential. The best effect of treatment is achieved with primary fixation of the arc, when the Risser test is less than 2.

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About the authors

Daniyar Zh. Yestay

National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. Batpenov; Karaganda Medical University

Email: daniyar.estay@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3583-6871
SPIN-code: 3610-5749
Kazakhstan, Astana; Karaganda

Seidali S. Abdaliyev

National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. Batpenov

Email: abdaliev73@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7439-141X
SPIN-code: 5381-3802

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

Kazakhstan, Astana

Aliya M. Atepileva

National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. Batpenov; Karaganda Medical University

Email: atepileva.nscto@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4342-8317
Kazakhstan, Astana; Karaganda

Vitaly A. Trofimchuk

National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. Batpenov; Astana Medical University

Email: vatrofi86@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-1485-7016
Kazakhstan, Astana; Astana

Bakhtiyar A. Dzhumabekov

Multidisciplinary City Children's Hospital No. 2, Astana

Email: abdikerim.b@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-0436-0273
Kazakhstan, Astana

Stanislav V. Danilenko

Multidisciplinary City Children's Hospital No. 2, Astana

Email: danilenko.stanislav@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-1292-5443
Kazakhstan, Astana

Roman Yu. Sokolov

Multidisciplinary City Children's Hospital No. 2, Astana

Author for correspondence.
Email: roma_odissey@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-5670-9581
Kazakhstan, Astana

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