N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and OrthopedicsN.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and OrthopedicsВестник травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова0869-86782658-6738Eco-Vector10108510.17816/vto101085SCIENTIFIC REVIEWSНаучные обзорыReview ArticleCauses of unsatisfactory results of arthroplasty of the knee joint osteoarthritis in long-term postoperative period: literature reviewПричины неудовлетворительных результатов артропластики при остеоартрите коленного сустава в отдалённом послеоперационном периоде: обзор литературыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-51602658-0405TkachenkoAleksandr N.ТкаченкоАлександр Николаевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

д.м.н., профессор, врач травматолог-ортопед

altkachenko@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4079-55414663-1741DulaevAleksandr K.ДулаевАлександр Кайсинович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

д.м.н., профессор, врач травматолог-ортопед

akdulaev@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9355-10683476-8212SpichkoAleksandr A.СпичкоАлександр Анатольевич
Russian Federation

Graduate Student, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

аспирант, врач травматолог-ортопед

dr.nl@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1799-641X1330-6583MansurovJalolidin Sh.МансуровДжалолидин Шамсидинович
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Department Assistant, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

к.м.н., ассистент кафедры, врач травматолог-ортопед

jalolmedic511@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0754-43487083-3254KhaidarovValerii M.ХайдаровВалерий Михайлович
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

к.м.н., доцент кафедры, врач травматолог-ортопед

drxaydarov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0964-68711202-7753BalgleyAlexander G.БалглейАлександр Германович
Russian Federation

Department Assistant, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

ассистент кафедры, врач травматолог-ортопед

alexbalgley@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4165-45999263-4316UrazovskayaIrina L.УразовскаяИрина Леонидовна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Department Assistant, Cardiologist

к.м.н., ассистент кафедры, врач-кардиолог

doc.urazovskaya@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8489-42027062-0665KhromovAleksandr A.ХромовАлександр Анатольевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

д.м.н., доцент кафедры, врач травматолог-ортопед

khromov_alex@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9647-052XUlhaqEhsanУльхакЭхсан
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Department Assistant, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

к.м.н., ассистент кафедры, врач травматолог-ортопед

ehsan@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-00025363-6020TsololoYaroslav B.ЦололоЯрослав Борисович
Russian Federation

Graduate Student, Traumatologist-Orthopedist

аспирант, врач травматолог-ортопед

yaroslav.tsololo@mail.comMechnikov North-Western State Medical UniversityСеверо-Западный государственный университет им. И.И. МечниковаPavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical UniversityПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. ПавловаMechnikov North-Western State Medical UniversityСеверо-Западный государственный университет им. И.И. Мечникова10012023150920222933173281802202213092022Copyright ©; 2022, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2022, ООО "Эко-Вектор"2022Eco-VectorООО "Эко-Вектор"https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8678/article/view/101085

In Russia and globally, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been increasingly performed. The high quality of implants, improvement of arthroplasty technologies, and accumulated practical experiences of surgeons did not considerably reduce the frequency of complications and unsatisfactory operative outcomes. The negative consequences of knee replacement are determined both intraoperatively and postoperatively. This review aimed to analyze the literature on the frequency and complications of knee arthroplasty and their causes in the long-term postoperative period. In recent decades, the number of patients who are not satisfied with TKA outcomes has been increasing. Moreover, information about complications, their frequency, their causes, and possibilities of preventing negative consequences remains contradictory. Surgical treatment of complications requires particular attention, with surgical site infections as the most common. Recent studies highlight the important of evaluating surgical site infections during and after TKA, especially for deep infectious complications after TKA, which leads to hospitalizations, and reoperations. To date, many studies have investigated early postoperative complications leading to negative consequences in the long-term postoperative period. In addition, in the absence of postoperative complications, the service life of the implant is limited, and unsatisfactory TKA outcomes were attributed to wear and tear of the endoprosthesis. Domestic and international studies about premature or unreasonable TKA, as one of the reasons for negative osteoarthritis treatment outcomes, are increasing. The discussion about the indications and contraindications for knee arthroplasty continues. This literature review discusses the current state of this topic.

Во всём мире и в том числе в России отмечают увеличение числа операций по эндопротезированию коленных суставов (ЭКС). Повышение качества имплантов, совершенствование технологий артропластики и накопление практического опыта у хирургов не привели к существенному снижению частоты развития осложнений и неудовлетворительных исходов. Негативные последствия ЭКС определяются как интраоперационно, так и в разные сроки послеоперационного периода. Обзор посвящён анализу данных литературы о частоте и структуре осложнений артропластики коленного сустава и их причинах в отдалённые сроки после операции. В последние десятилетия увеличивается численность пациентов, не удовлетворённых результатами ЭКС. Вместе с тем сведения о частоте и структуре осложнений, их причинах и о возможностях предотвращения негативных последствий остаются противоречивыми. Пристальное внимание специалистов привлекают осложнения, требующие хирургического лечения. Самым частым из них является инфекция области хирургического вмешательства. По мнению большинства исследователей, изучение проблем, связанных с прогнозом и профилактикой инфекции области хирургического вмешательства при артропластике коленного сустава, весьма актуально. В особенности это касается глубоких инфекционных осложнений после ЭКС, которые приводят к госпитализации пациентов в хирургические подразделения лечебно-профилактических учреждений и к повторным операциям. Многие авторы справедливо полагают, что именно осложнения в раннем послеоперационном периоде ведут к негативным последствиям в отдалённые послеоперационные сроки. Однако даже при отсутствии осложнений срок службы импланта не безграничен, и неудовлетворительные результаты ЭКС отмечаются и по причине износа эндопротеза. Публикации, касающиеся преждевременного или необоснованного проведения ЭКС как одной из причин негативных результатов лечения остеоартрита, всё чаще встречаются как в отечественной, так и в зарубежной литературе. Продолжается и дискуссия о показаниях и противопоказаниях к артропластике коленного сустава. Представленный обзор литературы позволяет сориентироваться в состоянии вопроса на сегодняшний день.

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