N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and OrthopedicsN.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and OrthopedicsВестник травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова0869-86782658-6738Eco-Vector4717710.32414/0869-8678-2018-2-71-83ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleTANTALUM BASED IMPLANTS: EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL ASPECTS OF APPLICATIONИМПЛАНТАТЫ НА ОСНОВЕ ТАНТАЛА: ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯGorbatyukD. S.ГорбатюкД. С.naddis@mail.ruKolesovS. V.КолесовС. В.SazhnevM. L.СажневМ. Л.PereverzevV. S.ПереверзевВ. С.Kaz’minA. I.КазьминА. И.N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова» Минздрава России15062018252VOL 0, NO2 (2018)ТОМ 0, №2 (2018)718319102020Copyright ©; 2018, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2018, ООО "Эко-Вектор"2018Eco-VectorООО "Эко-Вектор"https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8678/article/view/47177

The review tries to generalize the data on the efficacy of tantalum based implants’ (including the components of endoprostheses). At present the information on both experimental (on animals) and clinical results of such implants application is available. It is stated that tantalum coating, especially the one treated with alkaline solutions in their production, possesses marked osteoinductive properties. In presence of additional hydroxyapatite or octacalcium phosphate coatings the latter play the role of peculiar “centers of osteogenesis” around which the chemical growth of the future bone mineral matrix takes place that is subjected to remodeling subsequently. It is also shown that tantalum based porous implants are capable of osteointegration and biological fixation with growth of new bony tissue in the pores and trabeculae of the implant and no fibrotic changes at bone-implant interface are detected. Histologic and biochemical data confirm the efficacy of osteogenesis on such implants. Despite certain encouraging results the clinical use of such implants in patients of older age groups requires an additional study.

В аналитическом обзоре предпринята попытка обобщения данных по эффективности имплантатов (в том числе компонентов эндопротезов) на основе тантала, характеризующегося остеоиндуктивными свойствами. В настоящее время имеются сведения как об экспериментальных (с использованием животных), так и клинических результатах применения таких имплантатов. Установлено, что танталовое покрытие имплантатов, особенно обработанное щелочными растворами при производстве, обладает выраженными остеоиндуктивными свойствами; в случае наличия дополнительно гидроксиапатитного либо октакальцийфосфатного покрытия последние играют роль своеобразных «центров костеобразования», вокруг которых химически происходит рост минерального матрикса будущей кости, подвергающегося затем ремоделированию. Также показано, что имплантаты на основе тантала, имеющие пористое строение, способны к остеоинтеграции и биологической фиксации с ростом новой костной ткани в порах и трабекулах имплантатов, при этом на границе «кость–имплантат» не выявляются фибротические изменения. Получены гистологические и биохимические данные, подтверждающие эффективность костеобразования на таких имплантатах. Дополнительного изучения, несмотря на некоторые обнадеживающие результаты, требует вопрос о рамках клинического применения таких имплантатов у пациентов старших возрастных групп.

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