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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-8678</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6738</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">633896</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/vto633896</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ZBYUNG</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Evolution of concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of distal radius fractures (part I)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эволюция взглядов на диагностику и лечение переломов дистального метаэпифиза лучевой кости (часть I)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-7307</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2090-0471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubev</surname><given-names>Igor O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубев</surname><given-names>Игорь Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>iog305@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3246-7452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrushin</surname><given-names>Alexander L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрушин</surname><given-names>Александр Леонидович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>petrushin.59@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-4572</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5490-9821</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bragina</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брагина</surname><given-names>Светлана Валентиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>svetabragina69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8777-2596</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4102-8238</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezin</surname><given-names>Pavel A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березин</surname><given-names>Павел Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>medicinehead@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Priorov National Medical Research Centre of Traumatology and Orthopaedics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Karpogory Central District Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Карпогорская центральная районная больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Arkhangelsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Архангельская областная клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-12-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>406</fpage><lpage>415</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-06-28"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-25"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-05-31"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8678/article/view/633896">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8678/article/view/633896</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fractures of the distal metaphyseal–epiphyseal region of the radius are among the most common injuries and have accompanied humankind throughout its history. The earliest descriptions of this type of injury are found in the works of Hippocrates, who interpreted it as a dislocation of the wrist joint. This opinion persisted for nearly two thousand years. Subsequently, the works of Galen, Palladius, Celsus, Duverney, and Fabricius contain detailed analyses of the direction of hand displacement and the associated impairment of finger function. Many clinical observations, anatomical dissections, and experimental studies conducted by the renowned surgeons of the past gradually dispelled this misconception. The priority in elucidating the true nature of this injury is most often given to Abraham Colles, whose name is associated with the most prevalent type of distal radius fracture. However, earlier attempts at accurate interpretation had also been recorded. Thus, at the beginning of the 18th century, Jean-Louis Petit noted that some wrist dislocations were actually fractures of the distal radius. The French surgeon Claude Pouteau was the first to clearly conclude that this injury represented a fracture rather than a dislocation. He explicitly pointed out the widespread diagnostic error. Undoubtedly, under the influence of the French surgery school, fundamental changes occurred in medical science in the early 19th century. Guillaume Dupuytren and his contemporaries made a substantial contribution to understanding the true mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of distal radius fractures. The discovery of X-rays enabled clinicians to appreciate the diversity and complexity of these injuries. Although external immobilization remained the predominant treatment method for distal radial metaphyseal–epiphyseal fractures for many centuries, advances in internal fixation techniques over recent decades have led to substantial success in their management. This article presents a historical review of evolving concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with distal metaphyseal–epiphyseal fractures of the radius, from ancient times up to the discovery of X-rays.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Переломы дистального метаэпифиза лучевой кости являются распространёнными повреждениями, сопровождающими человечество на всём протяжении его существования. Впервые описание такой травмы встречается в трудах Гиппократа, который расценивал данное повреждение как вывих в кистевом суставе. Эта точка зрения сохранялась в течение почти двух тысяч лет. В дальнейшем в трудах Галена, Палладиуса, Цельса, Дювернея и Фабрициуса встречается подробное изучение направления смещения кисти и сопровождающего его нарушения функции пальцев. Многочисленные клинические наблюдения, анатомические диссекции и экспериментальные исследования, проведённые величайшими хирургами прошлого, развеяли это заблуждение. Повсеместно первенство в трактовании истинной природы повреждения связывают главным образом с Абрамом Коллесом, чьё имя носит наиболее распространённый вид переломов дистального отдела лучевой кости. Однако попытки правильного определения встречались и до него. Так, Жан-Луи Пети в самом начале XVIII столетия писал, что часть вывихов запястья, по-видимому, являются переломами дистального конца лучевой кости. А французский хирург Клод Путо был первым специалистом, пришедшим к заключению о том, что при данной травме имеется не вывих, а именно перелом. Именно он указал на универсальную ошибку в диагностике данных повреждений. Несомненно, под влиянием представителей французской школы в медицинской науке начала XIX века произошли фундаментальные изменения. Гийом Дюпюитрен и его современники внесли огромный вклад в понимание истинной причины переломов дистального отдела лучевой кости, их диагностику и лечение. Открытие рентгеновских лучей сделало возможным оценить разнообразие и сложность этих повреждений. Хотя внешняя иммобилизация являлась наиболее популярным методом лечения переломов дистального метаэпифиза лучевой кости на протяжении многих веков, совершенствование методов внутренней фиксации за последние десятилетия позволило достичь больших успехов в данном направлении. В настоящей статье представлен исторический обзор взглядов на диагностику и лечение пациентов с переломами дистального метаэпифиза лучевой кости со времён Древнего мира и до открытия рентгеновских лучей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distal radius fracture</kwd><kwd>history of medicine</kwd><kwd>Colles fracture</kwd><kwd>Smith fracture</kwd><kwd>Barton fracture</kwd><kwd>chauffeur's fracture</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перелом дистального метаэпифиза лучевой кости</kwd><kwd>история медицины</kwd><kwd>перелом Коллеса</kwd><kwd>перелом Смита</kwd><kwd>перелом Бартона</kwd><kwd>шофёрский перелом</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Morwood MG, Brown P, Jatmiko, et al. Further evidence for small-bodied hominins from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia. 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