N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and OrthopedicsN.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and OrthopedicsВестник травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова0869-86782658-6738Eco-Vector65348910.17816/vto653489LIKAXXSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSНаучные обзорыReview ArticleEfficiency of conservative treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with rigid braces. A reviewЭффективность консервативного лечения подросткового идиопатического сколиоза с применением жёстких корсетов: обзорhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3583-68713610-5749YestayDaniyar Zh.ЕстайДанияр Женисбекулы
Kazakhstan
daniyar.estay@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7439-141X5381-3802AbdaliyevSeidali S.АбдалиевСейдали Сапаралиевич
Kazakhstan

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

abdaliev73@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4342-8317AtepilevaAliya M.АтепилеваАлия Мухтаровна
Kazakhstan
atepileva.nscto@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-1485-7016TrofimchukVitaly A.ТрофимчукВиталий Александрович
Kazakhstan
vatrofi86@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-0436-0273DzhumabekovBakhtiyar A.ДжумабековБахтияр Абдикеримович
Kazakhstan
abdikerim.b@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-1292-5443DanilenkoStanislav V.ДаниленкоСтанислав Викторович
Kazakhstan
danilenko.stanislav@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-5670-9581SokolovRoman Yu.СоколовРоман Юрьевич
Kazakhstan
roma_odissey@mail.ruNational Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. BatpenovНациональный научный центр травматологии и ортопедии имени академика Н.Д. БатпеноваKaraganda Medical UniversityКарагандинский медицинский университетNational Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. BatpenovНациональный научный центр травматологии и ортопедии имени академика Н.Д. БатпеноваAstana Medical UniversityАстанинский медицинский университетMultidisciplinary City Children's Hospital No. 2, AstanaМногопрофильная городская детская больница № 2, Астана26012026310520263324614720502202531082025Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор2026Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8678/article/view/653489

Idiopathic scoliosis is currently the most common and least studied form of adolescent scoliosis. Treatment of this pathology is not standardized and can be carried out both conservatively and surgically. However, given the decrease in quality of life, a high frequency of postoperative complications, conservative treatment under certain criteria is the method of choice for managing these patients. The purpose of this review was to determine the effectiveness of conservative treatment of scoliosis with rigid braces and its dependence on certain criteria. In medical search databases, we reviewed studies of the treatment of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, depending on the magnitude of the Cobb angle. The inclusion criterion was publications containing the treatment of patients with a Risser test of up to 4, aged 10 to 17 years. Search databases using keywords (idiopathic, scoliosis, conservative treatment) for a five-year period (from January 2019 to January 2024) yielded 387 articles. Exclusion criteria: review articles, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, articles containing treatment exclusively with exercises without any fixation, and duplicate articles. We reviewed 25 articles that met the criteria. Treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with a Cobb angle of no more than 50 degrees is most often effective with rigid braces. The limitation of conservative therapy is due to the impossibility of controlling the wearing of the device, as well as the complexity of psychological adaptation of adolescents. Conservative treatment of scoliosis by fixation with rigid braces is an effective method for treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. However, the treatment result is influenced not only by the initial level of curvature (up to 40 degrees of the leading arc), but also by sufficient growth potential. The best effect of treatment is achieved with primary fixation of the arc, when the Risser test is less than 2.

Идиопатический сколиоз в настоящее время является наиболее распространённой и наименее изученной формой сколиоза у подростков. Лечение данной патологии не стандартизировано и может проводиться как консервативными, так и хирургическими методами. Однако с учётом снижения качества жизни, а также высокой частоты послеоперационных осложнений консервативное лечение при соблюдении определённых критериев является методом выбора при ведении данной категории пациентов. Целью настоящего обзора явилось определение эффективности консервативного лечения подросткового идиопатического сколиоза с использованием жёстких корсетов и её зависимости от ряда клинических критериев. В медицинских поисковых базах данных был проведён анализ исследований, посвящённых лечению пациентов с подростковым идиопатическим сколиозом в зависимости от величины угла Кобба. Критерием включения являлись публикации, содержащие данные о лечении пациентов в возрасте от 10 до 17 лет с показателем теста Риссера до 4. Поиск в базах данных с использованием ключевых слов idiopathic (идиопатический), scoliosis (сколиоз), conservative treatment (консервативное лечение) за пятилетний период (с января 2019 по январь 2024 г.) выявил 387 публикаций. Критериями исключения являлись обзорные статьи, систематические обзоры и метаанализы, публикации, содержащие данные исключительно о лечении с помощью лечебной физкультуры без фиксации, а также дублирующиеся работы. В итоговый анализ было включено 25 статей, соответствующих заданным критериям. Лечение подросткового идиопатического сколиоза с величиной угла Кобба не более 50° в большинстве случаев демонстрирует эффективность при использовании жёстких корсетов. Ограничения консервативной терапии обусловлены невозможностью объективного контроля режима ношения ортеза, а также сложностями психологической адаптации подростков. Консервативное лечение подросткового идиопатического сколиоза с применением жёстких корсетов является эффективным методом терапии. При этом на результат лечения влияет не только исходная величина деформации (до 40° ведущей дуги), но и сохранённый потенциал роста. Наилучший эффект достигается при первичной фиксации дуги искривления при показателе теста Риссера менее 2.

idiopathic scoliosistreatmentadolescentbracingRisser testидиопатический сколиозлечениеподросткикорсетированиетест РиссераLiu D, Yang Y, Yu X, et al. Effects of Specific Exercise Therapy on Adolescent Patients With Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Prospective Controlled Cohort Study. Spine. 2020;45(15):1039–1046. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000003451Pezham H, Babaee T, Bagheripour B, et al. Stress level and quality of life of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis during brace treatment. Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2022;68(2):231–237. doi: 10.5606/tftrd.2022.8467Landauer F, Trieb K. Scoliosis: Brace treatment — from the past 50 years to the future. Medicine. 2022;101(37):e30556. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000030556Cordani C, Malisano L, Febbo F, et al. Influence of Specific Interventions on Bracing Compliance in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis — A Systematic Review of Papers Including Sensors’ Monitoring. Sensors (Basel). 2023;23(17):7660. doi: 10.3390/s23177660Marya S, Tambe AD, Millner PA, Tsirikos AI. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a review of aetiological theories of a multifactorial disease. The bone & joint journal. 2022;104-B(8):915–921. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.104B8.BJJ-2021-1638.R1Addai D, Zarkos J, Bowey AJ. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Child’s nervous system: ChNS: official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. 2020;36(6):1111–1119. doi: 10.1007/s00381-020-04608-4Cheung JPY, Cheung PWH, Luk KD. When Should We Wean Bracing for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis? Clinical orthopaedics and related research. 2019;477(9):2145–2157. doi: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000000781Kawasaki S, Shigematsu H, Tanaka M, et al. Is brace treatment unnecessary for cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis above Risser sign 3? Journal of orthopaedic science: official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association. 2020;25(6):975–979. doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2020.01.007Burger M, Coetzee W, du Plessis LZ, et al. The effectiveness of Schroth exercises in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The South African journal of physiotherapy. 2019;75(1):904. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v75i1.904Rożek K, Jasiewicz B. Effect of Preoperative SpineCor® Treatment on Surgical Outcome in Idiopathic Scoliosis: An Observational Study. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research. 2019;25:754–759. doi: 10.12659/MSM.912228Keil LG, Himmelberg SM, Guissé NF, et al. Complications following posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a retrospective cohort study using the modified Clavien-Dindo-Sink system. Spine deformity. 2022;10(3):607–614. doi: 10.1007/s43390-021-00468-3Karimi MT, Rabczuk T. Evaluation of the efficiency of Boston brace on scoliotic curve control: A review of literature. The journal of spinal cord medicine. 2020;43(6):824–831. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2019.1578104Steen H, Pripp AH, Lange JE, Brox JI. Predictors for long-term curve progression after Boston brace treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine. 2021;57(1):101–109. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06190-0Lukas K, Tassone C, Liu XC, et al. Boston vs. Providence brace in treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Studies in health technology and informatics. 2021;280:179–183. doi: 10.3233/SHTI210462Zapata KA, Virostek D, Davis K, et al. Early brace treatment for idiopathic scoliosis may change the paradigm to improve curves. Spine deformity. 2023;11(6):1381–1388. doi: 10.1007/s43390-023-00726-6Capek V, Baranto A, Brisby H, Westin O. Nighttime versus Fulltime Brace Treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Which Brace to Choose? A Retrospective Study on 358 Patients. Journal of clinical medicine. 2023;12(24):7684. doi: 10.3390/jcm12247684Capek V, Westin O, Brisby H, Wessberg P. Providence nighttime brace is as effective as fulltime Boston brace for female patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A retrospective analysis of a randomized cohort. North American Spine Society journal. 2022;12:100178. doi: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2022.100178Ohrt-Nissen S, Lastikka M, Andersen TB, Helenius I, Gehrchen M. Conservative treatment of main thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Full-time or nighttime bracing? Journal of orthopaedic surgery (Hong Kong). 2019;27(2):2309499019860017. doi: 10.1177/2309499019860017Diarbakerli E, Charalampidis A, Abbott A, Gerdhem P. PReventing Idiopathic SCOliosis PROgression (PRISCOPRO): A protocol for a quadruple-blinded, randomized controlled trial comparing 3D designed Boston brace to standard Boston brace. PloS ONE. 2021;16(8):e0255264. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255264Zhang Y, Liang J, Xu N, et al. 3D-printed brace in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a study protocol of a prospective randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2020;10(11):e038373. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038373Linden GS, Emans JB, Karlin LI, et al. Early Adherence to Prescribed Brace Wear for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Is Associated With Future Brace Wear. Spine. 2023;48(1):8–14. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000004446da Silveira GE, Andrade RM, Guilhermino GG, et al. The Effects of Short- and Long-Term Spinal Brace Use with and without Exercise on Spine, Balance, and Gait in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). 2022;58(8):1024. doi: 10.3390/medicina58081024Vicente LG, Barrios MJ, González-Santos J, et al. The ISJ 3D Brace, a Providence Brace Evolution, as a Surgery Prevention Method in Idiopathic Scoliosis. Journal of clinical medicine. 2021;10(17):3915. doi: 10.3390/jcm10173915Davis L, Murphy JS, Shaw KA, et al. Nighttime bracing with the Providence thoracolumbosacral orthosis for treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A retrospective consecutive clinical series. Prosthetics and orthotics international. 2019;43(2):158–162. doi: 10.1177/0309364618792727De Chelle G, Rampal V, Bentellis I, et al. Adolescent and Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis: Which Patients Obtain Good Results with 12 Hours of Cheneau-Toulouse-Munster Nighttime Bracing? Children (Basel, Switzerland). 2022;9(6):909. doi: 10.3390/children9060909Babaee T, Kamyab M, Ganjavian MS, Rouhani N, Jarvis J. Success Rate of Brace Treatment for Juvenile-Onset Idiopathic Scoliosis up to Skeletal Maturity. International journal of spine surgery. 2020;14(5):824–831. doi: 10.14444/7117Aulisa AG, Toniolo RM, Falciglia F, Giordano M, Aulisa L. Long-term results after brace treatment with Progressive Action Short Brace in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2021;57(3):406–413. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06129-8Babaee T, Kamyab M, Ganjavian MS. Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis: Outcomes of Brace Treatment until Skeletal Maturity or Spinal Fusion. The archives of bone and joint surgery. 2020;8(6):696–702. doi: 10.22038/abjs.2020.44975.2253Aulisa AG, Mastantuoni G, Laineri M, et al. Brace technology thematic series: the progressive action short brace (PASB). Scoliosis. 2012;7:6. doi: 10.1186/1748-7161-7-6Yen TC, Weinstein SL. Evaluation of Predictors and Outcomes of Bracing with Emphasis on the Immediate Effects of in-Brace Correction in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Iowa Orthop J. 2019;39(2):62–65.Aulisa AG, Guzzanti V, Falciglia F, et al. Brace treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis is effective for a curve over 40 degrees, but is the evaluation of Cobb angle the only parameter for the indication of treatment? Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2019;55(2):231–240. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.18.04782-2.La Maida GA, Gallazzi E, Peroni DR, et al. Does Risser Casting for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Still Have a Role in the Treatment of Curves Larger Than 40°? A Case Control Study with Bracing. Children (Basel, Switzerland). 2022;9(5):760. doi: 10.3390/children9050760Pepke W, Morani W, Schiltenwolf M, et al. Outcome of Conservative Therapy of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) with Chêneau-Brace. Journal of clinical medicine. 2023;12(7):2507. doi: 10.3390/jcm12072507Weniger CD, Fujak A, Hofner B, et al. Long-term Results of Conservative Therapy of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using the Cheneau Brace. Langzeitergebnisse nach konservativer Therapie der idiopathischen adoleszenten Skoliose mit Cheneau-Korsett. Klinische Padiatrie. 2019;231(5):248–254. doi: 10.1055/a-0963-8996Fang MQ, Huang XL, Wang W, et al. The efficacy of Schroth exercises combined with the Chêneau brace for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a retrospective controlled study. Disability and rehabilitation. 2022;44(18):5060–5068. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1922521Karavidas N, Tzatzaliaris D. Brace and Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis Specific Exercises (PSSE) for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) treatment: a prospective study following Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) criteria. Arch Physiother. 2022;12(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s40945-022-00150-5Aulisa AG, Galli M, Giordano M, et al. Initial In-Brace Correction: Can the Evaluation of Cobb Angle Be the Only Parameter Predictive of the Outcome of Brace Treatment in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis? Children (Basel). 2022;9(3):338. doi: 10.3390/children9030338Razeghinezhad R, Kamyab M, Babaee T, Ganjavian MS, Bidari S. The Effect of Brace Treatment on Large Curves of 40° to 55° in Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis Who Have Avoided Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Neurospine. 2021;18(3):437–444. doi: 10.14245/ns.2040654.327