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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-8678</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6738</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">677102</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/vto677102</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">RTQSMZ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Specifics of femoral component rotation in total knee arthroplasty: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Специфика ротации бедренного компонента эндопротеза в контексте тотальной артропластики коленного сустава: обзор научных публикаций</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8225-1150</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2459-8660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubavlenko</surname><given-names>Roman A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубавленко</surname><given-names>Роман Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sarniiton@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-2715</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7078-8019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostrovskij</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Островский</surname><given-names>Владимир Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>sarniito@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт травматологии, ортопедии и нейрохирургии Саратовского государственного медицинского университета им. В.И. Разумовского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-02-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>428</fpage><lpage>437</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-12"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-16"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-05-31"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8678/article/view/677102">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8678/article/view/677102</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Optimal rotational alignment of the femoral component is critical in total knee arthroplasty. The measured resection technique, gap-balancing technique, and hybrid approach are available intraoperative methods for determining femoral rotation; however, each has distinct advantages and limitations. This review aimed to examine the potential of preoperative planning, assess the impact of femoral component malrotation and its acceptable limits on surgical outcomes, and determine the feasibility of using standard intraoperative methods for establishing femoral component rotation as a reference approach in total knee arthroplasty. The systematic review was planned and conducted in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The review reports study characteristics, the number of patients dissatisfied with surgical outcomes, and the specific features of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative methods used to determine femoral component rotation in total knee arthroplasty. Initially, 354 articles meeting the main search criteria were identified. Overall, outcomes from 2132 total knee arthroplasties reported in the retrieved publications were analyzed. A total of 149 patients were dissatisfied with surgical outcomes because of anterior knee pain. As modern imaging technologies continue to advance rapidly, the use of more contemporary preoperative assessment methods is becoming increasingly relevant to improve clinical outcomes. Although visual and manual techniques may appear effective, they may be associated with a risk of femoral component malrotation exceeding 3°, which to some extent limits their use in clinical practice. The use of costly imaging modalities, such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, is not a standard procedure for postoperative screening assessment of implant position.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Оптимальное ротационное выравнивание бедренного компонента эндопротеза имеет важное значение при тотальной артропластике коленного сустава. Методы измеряемой резекции, балансировки зазора и комбинированной техники являются доступными интраоперационными способами, которые могут быть использованы для определения ротации бедренной кости, но каждый из них имеет свои преимущества и недостатки. В рамках исследования предполагается изучить потенциал планирования, оценить воздействие и допустимые пределы мальротации на результат операции, а также установить, насколько оправдано применение стандартных интраоперационных методов определения ротации бедренного компонента в качестве эталонного подхода в практике тотальной артропластики коленного сустава. Планирование и выполнение настоящего систематического обзора проводились в соответствии с установленными руководящими принципами PRISMA. В обзоре представлены результаты, отражающие характеристики статей, количество пациентов, не удовлетворённых результатами хирургического лечения, особенности пред-, интра- и послеоперационного способа определения ротации бедренного компонента эндопротеза коленного сустава. Первоначально было выявлено 354 статьи, соответствующие основным направлениям поиска. Суммарно были проанализированы результаты 2132 тотальных артропластик коленного сустава, представленных в литературных источниках. Результатом оперативного лечения из-за боли в переднем отделе коленных суставов не были удовлетворены 149 пациентов. В условиях быстрого прогресса современных технологий визуализации становится актуальным использование более современных методов предоперационного анализа для улучшения клинических результатов. Хотя визуально-мануальные методы могут показаться эффективными, они могут быть связаны с риском возникновения мальротации бедренного компонента эндопротеза, превышающей 3 градуса, что в некоторой степени ограничивает их применение в клинической практике. Использование дорогостоящих методов визуализации, таких как компьютерная томография или магнитно-резонансная томография, не является стандартной процедурой для скрининговой оценки положения эндопротеза после операции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>total knee arthroplasty</kwd><kwd>femoral component malrotation</kwd><kwd>patellofemoral pain</kwd><kwd>knee prosthesis rotation</kwd><kwd>preoperative planning</kwd><kwd>intraoperative methods</kwd><kwd>postoperative assessment of rotation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тотальная артропластика коленного сустава</kwd><kwd>мальротация бедренного компонента</kwd><kwd>пателлофеморальная боль</kwd><kwd>ротация эндопротеза коленного сустава</kwd><kwd>предоперационное планирование</kwd><kwd>интраоперационные методы</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная оценка ротации</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>125030703257-1</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was done as part of the R&amp;D project Optimization of the Implant Alignment Technique in Total Knee Arthroplasty performed by V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (No. 125082709918-4). The part of the study was done within the state-funded project Designing Surgical Navigation Instruments for Rotational Alignment of the Knee Implant Femoral Component performed by V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (No. 125030703257-1)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках НИОКТР «Оптимизация техники позиционирования эндопротеза при тотальной артропластике коленного сустава» ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский ГМУ им. В.И. Разумовского» Минздрава России, РК № 125082709918-4. Часть работы выполнена в рамках государственного задания «Разработка хирургического навигационного инструментария для ротационного позиционирования бедренного компонента эндопротеза коленного сустава» ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский ГМУ им. В.И. 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