Current Pharmaceutical DesignCurrent Pharmaceutical DesignCurrent Pharmaceutical Design1381-61281873-4286Bentham Science64594910.2174/0113816128319010240730115613Immunology, Inflammation & AllergyResearch ArticleBiological and Photocatalytic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from the Leaf Extract of Euphorbia royleana BoissBegumHussan Arainfo@benthamscience.netYaseenSanainfo@benthamscience.netZadaAmirinfo@benthamscience.netMusaMuhammadinfo@benthamscience.netKhanAsifinfo@benthamscience.netSheheryarinfo@benthamscience.netAlrefaeiAbdulwahedinfo@benthamscience.netAlmutairiMikhlidinfo@benthamscience.netAliSajidinfo@benthamscience.netAzmatRafiainfo@benthamscience.netHamayunMuhammadinfo@benthamscience.netDepartment of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University MardanDepartment of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University MardanDepartment of Pharmacy, State University of MaringaDepartment of Animal Sciences, Federal University of CearáDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityDepartment of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, University of Karachi2009202430352813282711012025Copyright ©; 2024, Bentham Science Publishers2024Bentham Science Publishershttps://journals.eco-vector.com/1381-6128/article/view/645949

Introduction:Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained significance due to their practical use in the medicinal field, especially in the treatment of tumors and cancer. The current article explores a green synthetic method for the preparation of AgNPs using leaf extract of Euphorbia royleanas.

Methods:The synthesis was conducted at different parameters like concentration of AgNO3, pH, salt concentration, temperature and time to optimize best results for their biochemical applications. It was validated through UV-V spectroscopy (400-450 nm) with 1:3 (concentration ratio of leaf ethanolic extract and 1 mM AgNO3 solution) at a pH value of 8 at 35oC, which were the best optimization conditions. The FTIR spectral bands showed the presence of C-N and –OH functional groups, indicating that –OH stretching and the aliphatic -C-H stretching were involved in the reduction of Ag ions. The XRD pattern showed the face-centered cubic structure of silver nanoparticles. The results of SEM revealed that AgNPs were predominantly spherical in shape, mono-dispersed, and arranged in scattered form. EDX analysis testified the presence of metallic silver along with other elements like Cl, C, and O.

Results:The investigation of biochemical parameters showed that AgNPs were influential in the discoloration of dye wastewater (methylene blue ), where 80% of dye color was removed in 20 min, followed by the significant (p < 0.05) analgesic activity with an inhibition percentage of 86.45% at a dose of 500 mg/kg.

Conclusion:Similarly, the antioxidant activity with the highest percent inhibition was 55.4% (p < 0.0001), shown by the AgNPs at 500 µg/mL. AgNPs showed a 30 mm zone of inhibition at 100 µl/mL against Aspergillus niger. It was concluded that AgNPs provide a baseline in medical technology for the treatment of simple to chronic diseases.

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