Current Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyCurrent Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyCurrent Pharmaceutical Biotechnology1389-20101873-4316Bentham Science64530710.2174/0113892010283237240107121749BiotechnologyResearch ArticleAnti-seizure Effects and Mechanisms of Berberine: A Systematic ReviewJivadNahidinfo@benthamscience.netHeidari-SoureshjaniSaeidinfo@benthamscience.netBagheriHesamaldininfo@benthamscience.netSherwinCatherineinfo@benthamscience.netRostamianSaharinfo@benthamscience.netDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical SciencesModeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical SciencesMedical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical SciencesPediatric Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton Children's HospitalDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School0109202425172253226507012025Copyright ©; 2024, Bentham Science Publishers2024Bentham Science Publishershttps://journals.eco-vector.com/1389-2010/article/view/645307

Background:Epilepsy is one of the most common in all age groups and disabling neurologic disorders around the world.

Objectives:This systematic review was to explore whether berberine (BBR) has any anti-seizure or anti-epileptic effects and also reviewed this possible mechanism.

Methods:The EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched before Sep 2023. All types of studies that investigated the effects of BBR on epilepsy or chemical-induced seizures were eligible for inclusion. Two authors independently evaluated and reviewed titles/abstracts to identify publications for potential eligibility, and a third team member resolved discrepancies. Data were extracted in an Excel form, and the outcomes were discussed.

Results:BBR showed its neuroprotective properties by reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and anti-apoptosis effects. It also increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) release and reduces transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). BBR by increasing scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), endogenous antioxidant enzymes, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and inhibition of lipid peroxidation insert its antioxidant activity. Moreover, BBR showed antiinflammatory activity by reducing Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and through inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and including nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). In addition, it modulated c-fos expression and neuronal excitability in the brain.

Conclusion:BBR indicated promising anti-seizure effects with remarkable antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective activity. Future studies should be based on well-designed clinical trial studies that are integrated with new methods related to increasing bioavailability.

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