Current Protein & Peptide ScienceCurrent Protein & Peptide ScienceCurrent Protein & Peptide Science1389-20371875-5550Bentham Science64560510.2174/0113892037274719231212044235Life SciencesResearch ArticleGlobal Emergence of SARS-CoV2 Infection and Scientific Interventions to Contain its SpreadAjmeraHimanshuinfo@benthamscience.netLakhawatSudarshaninfo@benthamscience.netMalikNaveeninfo@benthamscience.netKumarAkhileshinfo@benthamscience.netBhattiJasvinderinfo@benthamscience.netKumarVikraminfo@benthamscience.netGogoiHimanshuinfo@benthamscience.netJaswalSunilinfo@benthamscience.netChandelSanjeevinfo@benthamscience.netSharmaPushpenderinfo@benthamscience.netAmity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University RajasthanDepartment of Human Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute,Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill,Department of Nursing, GHG College of Nursing Rajkot Road,0104202425430732511012025Copyright ©; 2024, Bentham Science Publishers2024Bentham Science Publishershttps://journals.eco-vector.com/1389-2037/article/view/645605

The global pandemic caused by COVID-19 posed a significant challenge to public health, necessitating rapid scientific interventions to tackle the spread of infection. The review discusses the key areas of research on COVID-19 including viral genomics, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutics. The genome sequencing of the virus facilitated the tracking of its evolution, transmission dynamics, and identification of variants. Epidemiological studies have provided insights into disease spread, risk factors, and the impact of public health infrastructure and social distancing measures. Investigations of the viral pathogenesis have elucidated the mechanisms underlying immune responses and severe manifestations including the long-term effects of COVID-19. Overall, the article provides an updated overview of the diagnostic methods developed for SARS-CoV-2 and discusses their strengths, limitations, and appropriate utilization in different clinical and public health settings. Furthermore, therapeutic approaches including antiviral drugs, immunomodulatory therapies, and repurposed medications have been investigated to alleviate disease severity and improve patient outcomes. Through a comprehensive analysis of these scientific efforts, the review provides an overview of the advancements made in understanding and tackling SARS-CoV-2, while underscoring the need for continued research to address the evolving challenges posed by this global health crisis.

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