Current Gene TherapyCurrent Gene TherapyCurrent Gene Therapy1566-52321875-5631Bentham Science64391410.2174/1566523223666221118160932Life SciencesResearch ArticleDuchenne Muscular Dystrophy Gene TherapySaadFawzyinfo@benthamscience.netSaadJaseninfo@benthamscience.netSicilianoGabrieleinfo@benthamscience.netMerliniLucianoinfo@benthamscience.netAngeliniCorradoinfo@benthamscience.netDepartment of Biology, Padua University School of MedicineDepartment of Gene Therapy, Saad PharmaceuticalsDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University School of MedicineDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences,, Bologna University School of MedicineDepartment Neurosciences, Padova University School of Medicine01012024241172807012025Copyright ©; 2024, Bentham Science Publishers2024Bentham Science Publishershttps://journals.eco-vector.com/1566-5232/article/view/643914

Abstracts:Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are allelic X-linked recessive neuromuscular diseases affecting both skeletal and cardiac muscles. Therefore, owing to their single X chromosome, the affected boys receive pathogenic gene mutations from their unknowing carrier mothers. Current pharmacological drugs are palliative that address the symptoms of the disease rather than the genetic cause imbedded in the Dystrophin gene DNA sequence. Therefore, alternative therapies like gene drugs that could address the genetic cause of the disease at its root are crucial, which include gene transfer/implantation, exon skipping, and gene editing. Presently, it is possible through genetic reprogramming to engineer AAV vectors to deliver certain therapeutic cargos specifically to muscle or other organs regardless of their serotype. Similarly, it is possible to direct the biogenesis of exosomes to carry gene editing constituents or certain therapeutic cargos to specific tissue or cell type like brain and muscle. While autologous exosomes are immunologically inert, it is possible to camouflage AAV capsids, and lipid nanoparticles to evade the immune system recognition. In this review, we highlight current opportunities for Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene therapy, which has been known thus far as an incurable genetic disease. This article is a part of Gene Therapy of Rare Genetic Diseases thematic issue.

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