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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Current Computer-Aided Drug Design</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Current Computer-Aided Drug Design</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Current Computer-Aided Drug Design</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1573-4099</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1875-6697</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bentham Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">644017</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2174/1573409919666230228104901</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>Chemistry</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Computer Simulation for Effective Pharmaceutical Kinetics and Dynamics: A Review</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tiwari</surname><given-names>Gaurav</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shukla</surname><given-names>Anuja</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Singh</surname><given-names>Anju</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tiwari</surname><given-names>Ruchi</given-names></name><email>info@benthamscience.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology Pharmacy</institution></aff><aff id="aff2"><institution>Department of Pharmacy, University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University (Formerly Kanpur University)</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-04-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>325</fpage><lpage>340</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-07"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Bentham Science Publishers</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bentham Science Publishers</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1573-4099/article/view/644017">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1573-4099/article/view/644017</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm46041443582656">Computer-based modelling and simulation are developing as effective tools for supplementing biological data processing and interpretation. It helps to accelerate the creation of dosage forms at a lower cost and with the less human effort required to conduct the work. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive description of the different computer simulation models for various drugs along with their outcomes. The data used are taken from different sources, including review papers from Science Direct, Elsevier, NCBI, and Web of Science from 1995-2020. Keywords like - pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, computer simulation, whole-cell model, and cell simulation, were used for the search process. The use of computer simulation helps speed up the creation of new dosage forms at a lower cost and less human effort required to complete the work. It is also widely used as a technique for researching the structure and dynamics of lipids and proteins found in membranes. It also facilitates both the diagnosis and prevention of illness. Conventional data analysis methods cannot assess and comprehend the huge amount, size, and complexity of data collected by in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments. As a result, numerous in silico computational e-resources, databases, and simulation software are employed to determine pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters for illness management. These techniques aid in the provision of multiscale representations of biological processes, beginning with proteins and genes and progressing through cells, isolated tissues and organs, and the whole organism.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Computer simulation</kwd><kwd>pharmacokinetics</kwd><kwd>pharmacodynamics</kwd><kwd>whole-cell modeling</kwd><kwd>cell simulation</kwd><kwd>pharmaceutical kinetics.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Anderson, B.J.; Holford, N.H.G. 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