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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Psychopharmacology and Addiction Biology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Psychopharmacology and Addiction Biology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Психофармакология и биологическая наркология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1606-8181</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2070-5670</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">321616</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/phbn321616</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Supplementing traditional drug formulation with the “needed” gases opens the way for the development of a new generation of drugs</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Дополнение традиционной рецептуры лекарственных препаратов «нужными» газами открывает путь к разработке лекарств нового поколения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-9463</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1613-9660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Urakov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ураков</surname><given-names>Александр Ливиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Pharmacology), professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой общей и клинической фармакологии</p></bio><email>urakoval@live.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1464-1127</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8974-7477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabanov</surname><given-names>Petr D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабанов</surname><given-names>Петр Дмитриевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Pharmacology), professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>pdshabanov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-4456</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4344-3045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurevich</surname><given-names>Konstantin G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуревич</surname><given-names>Константин Георгиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Pharmacology), professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>kgurevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1480-183X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8333-8772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lovtsova</surname><given-names>Lyubov V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ловцова</surname><given-names>Любовь Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Pharmacology), assistant professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>lovcovalubov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ижевская государственная медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institue of Experimental Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экспериментальной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volga Medical Research University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1606-8181/article/view/321616">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1606-8181/article/view/321616</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The mechanism of action of drugs is traditionally considered the specific action of the main active ingredients. Therefore, to study the mechanism of action of drugs, specialists use selected chemical compounds in chemically pure form. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, studies have reported that the action of drugs in dosage forms (tablets, solutions, etc.) is different from the action of chemically pure ingredients. The fact is that tablets, solutions, and other dosage forms contain not only the main ingredients but also auxiliary, shape-forming ingredients, and gases that supplement the specific action of the main ingredients with their nonspecific action. The gases penetrate the dosage forms from the air; however, selected gases can be introduced into the drugs under excessive pressure. Evidence presents that purposefully altering the gas content of drug tablets and solutions can regulate their mass, volume, specific gravity, porosity, physicochemical activity, and local pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, especially when drugs are administered locally. Examples are shown on how the use of this regularity has allowed the development of a new generation of drugs in Russia, namely, drugs with a specific gas composition. Studies have reported that changing the gas composition of “old” (registered) drugs may turn them into new drugs. Some drugs invented in Russia included gases in their formulation, which play the role of auxiliary, shape-forming, and even main ingredients. Thus, the gas composition of drugs was proposed as an additional indicator of their quality and an important factor in their physicochemical activity. An expanded list of new generation drugs was hoped for in the near future.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Механизм действия лекарственных средств традиционно рассматривается как специфическое действие основных действующих ингредиентов. Поэтому для изучения механизма действия лекарств специалисты используют выбранные химические соединения в химически чистом виде. Однако в начале XXI в. появились сообщения о том, что действие лекарств в лекарственных формах (таблетках, растворах и др.) отличается от действия химически чистых ингредиентов. Дело в том, что таблетки, растворы и другие лекарственные формы содержат не только основные ингредиенты, но и вспомогательные, формообразующие ингредиенты и газы, которые своим неспецифическим действием дополняют специфическое действие основных ингредиентов. Объясняется это тем, что газы проникают в лекарственные формы из воздуха, но помимо этого выбранные газы могут вводиться в лекарства под избыточным давлением. Приводятся данные о том, что целенаправленное изменение содержания газов в лекарственных таблетках и растворах позволяет регулировать их массу, объем, удельный вес, пористость, физико-химическую активность, а также локальную фармакокинетику и локальную фармакодинамику, особенно при локальном применении лекарств. Показаны примеры того, как использование этой закономерности позволило разработать в России лекарства нового поколения, а именно — лекарства, имеющие определенный газовый состав. Сообщается, что изменение газового состава известных (зарегистрированных) лекарств позволяет превращать их в новые. Приводится перечень изобретенных в России лекарств, рецептура которых включает газы, играющие роль вспомогательных, формообразующих и даже основных ингредиентов. В связи с этим предложено контролировать газовый состав лекарств как дополнительный показатель их качества и важный фактор их физико-химической активности. Выражается надежда на то, что в ближайшем будущем перечень препаратов нового поколения будет расширен.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>drugs</kwd><kwd>search</kwd><kwd>development</kwd><kwd>composition</kwd><kwd>quality</kwd><kwd>modernization</kwd><kwd>physicochemical properties</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лекарства</kwd><kwd>поиск</kwd><kwd>разработка</kwd><kwd>состав</kwd><kwd>качество</kwd><kwd>модернизация</kwd><kwd>физико-химические свойства</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dias DA, Urban S, Roessner U. A historical overview of natural products in drug discovery. Metabolites. 2012;2(2):303–336. DOI: 10.3390/metabo2020303</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dias D.A., Urban S., Roessner U. A historical overview of natural products in drug discovery // Metabolites. 2012. Vol. 2, No. 2. P. 303–336. 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