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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Psychopharmacology and Addiction Biology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Psychopharmacology and Addiction Biology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Психофармакология и биологическая наркология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1606-8181</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2070-5670</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">321620</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental Neuropharmacology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальная нейропсихофармакология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Chronobiological aspects of the anti-stress effect of anxiolytics</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хронофармакологические аспекты антистрессорного действия анксиолитических средств</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7325-8027</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1598-9971</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovanesov</surname><given-names>Karen B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ованесов</surname><given-names>Карэн Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Pharmacology), assistant professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>ovanesov2007@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3248-6212</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3411-1334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Beyer</surname><given-names>Edward V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бейер</surname><given-names>Эдуард Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Pharmacology), professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>karokris@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8878-1121</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaminskaya</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каминская</surname><given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>assistant lecturer</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры фармакологии</p></bio><email>kaminskaya.olga2014@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4449-1250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elbekyan</surname><given-names>Karine S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эльбекьян</surname><given-names>Карине Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.), professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>obiochem@stgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skornyakov</surname><given-names>Anton A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скорняков</surname><given-names>Антон Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>shcrb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9359-9751</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksanova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексанова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Мильтиадовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач</p></bio><email>skkpc26@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Stavropol State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1606-8181/article/view/321620">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1606-8181/article/view/321620</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND: </italic></bold>A stressful event, being a disturbing factor, is invariably accompanied by the disorganization of biological rhythms.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM:</italic></bold> To examine the effects of stress and pharmacological substances on two models of the temporal organization of behavior, i.e., circadian locomotion and swimming dynamics in rats.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> The daily dynamics of rat mobility were assessed in a specially designed device consisting of living cells connected to a computer. Each cell is connected by a lever and a hinge with a button. When the rat moved from one end of the box to the other, the contact was closed, and the program autonomously summed up the number of such movements for each hour of the experiment. The total number of transitions was counted in 3 h, followed by the construction of a chronogram of the circadian rhythm of mobility. To assess the effect of substances on the circadian rhythm, anxiolytics diazepam (0.1 mg/kg), tofisopam (10 mg/kg), and epiphyseal hormone melatonin (0.1 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally into rats. Rats that received the same volume of saline injections (0.5 mL) served as controls.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> Substances with anxiolytic properties, benzodiazepine derivatives diazepam (0.1 mg/kg) and tofisopam (10 mg/kg), and epiphyseal hormone melatonin (0.1 mg/kg), similarly eliminated stress-induced dysrhythmia in rats. Under their influence, the circadian rhythm of motor activity was normalized, and adaptive shifts were observed in the temporal dynamics of forced swimming.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION:</italic></bold> A single stressful event disrupts the dynamics of daily mobility in rats. Diazepam, tofisopam, and melatonin, while differing in potency, generally alleviate these disorders. In particular, anxiolytics restore the rhythm in animals highly sensitive to stress. The studied substances reorganized the temporal dynamics in rats subjected to forced swimming and increased the proportion of long-period oscillations. Primary or secondary elimination of stress dysrhythmia is an important factor in the specific action of anxiolytics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность.</bold> Любое стрессорное воздействие, будучи возмущающим фактором, неизменно сопровождается дезорганизацией биологических ритмов.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold><italic> —</italic> изучить эффекты стресса и фармакологических веществ на двух моделях временной организации поведения — циркадианной локомоции и динамике плавания крыс.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Суточную динамику подвижности крыс оценивали в специально сконструированном приборе, состоящем из соединенных с компьютером жилых клеток. Каждая клетка связана с кнопкой посредством рычага и шарнира. При перемещении крысы из одного конца бокса в другой контакт замыкался, и программа в автономном режиме суммировала число таких перемещений за каждый час эксперимента. Подсчитывали общее количество переходов за 3-часовые промежутки с последующим построением хронограммы циркадианного ритма подвижности. Для оценки влияния веществ на циркадианный ритм крысам внутрибрюшинно вводили анксиолитики диазепам (0,1 мг/кг), тофизопам (10 мг/кг) и эпифизарный гормон мелатонин (0,1 мг/кг). Контролем служили инъекции аналогичного объема (0,5 мл) физиологического раствора.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Вещества с анксиолитическими свойствами: бензодиазепиновые производные диазепам (0,1 мг/кг) и тофизопам (10 мг/кг), а также эпифизарный гормон мелатонин (0,1 мг/кг) — сходным образом устраняют вызванную стрессом дизритмию у крыс. Под их влиянием нормализуется циркадианный ритм двигательной активности и наблюдаются адаптивные сдвиги во временной динамике принудительного плавания.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Однократное стрессирование дезорганизует динамику суточной подвижности у крыс. Диазепам, тофизопам и мелатонин, различаясь по силе действия, в целом ослабляют эти нарушения. Особенно ясно показано, что анксиолитики восстанавливают ритм у высокочувствительных к стрессу животных. Исследованные вещества реорганизуют временную динамику принудительного плавания крыс с увеличением доли длиннопериодных колебаний в его структуре. Первичная либо вторичная ликвидация стрессорной дизритмии, очевидно, является важным элементом специфического действия анксиолитических средств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anxiolytics</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>dysrhythmia</kwd><kwd>diazepam</kwd><kwd>tofisopam</kwd><kwd>melatonin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анксиолитики</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>дизритмия</kwd><kwd>диазепам</kwd><kwd>тофизопам</kwd><kwd>мелатонин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Becker-Krail D, McClung C. Implications of circadian rhythm and stress in addiction vulnerability. F1000Research. 2016;5:59. DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7608.1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Becker-Krail D., McClung C. Implications of circadian rhythm and stress in addiction vulnerability // F1000Research. 2016. Vol. 5. P. 59. 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