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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Psychopharmacology and Addiction Biology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Psychopharmacology and Addiction Biology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Психофармакология и биологическая наркология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1606-8181</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2070-5670</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">642337</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/phbn642337</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">New generation antihypoxants: alkaline hydrogen peroxide solutions as medical oxygen gas generators</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Антигипоксанты нового поколения: щелочные растворы перекиси водорода как генераторы медицинского газа кислорода</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-9550</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">C-4969-2013</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4858-1896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Urakova</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уракова</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>urakovanatal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-9463</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56915840000</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1613-9660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Urakov</surname><given-names>Alexander L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ураков</surname><given-names>Александр Ливиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>urakoval@live.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экспериментальной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ижевская государственная медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-02-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-27"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-06"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1606-8181/article/view/642337">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1606-8181/article/view/642337</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The cause of biological death in warm-blooded animals and humans is hypoxic brain cell damage. Consequently, oxygen gas is the leading antihypoxant in emergency medical care for all critical conditions. The most common method of oxygen administration is mechanical ventilation. However, in cases of asphyxia caused by airway obstruction with thick sputum, mucus, pus, and/or blood, inhaled oxygen does not reach the alveoli and is not absorbed into the bloodstream. In such situations, traditional mechanical ventilation becomes ineffective and fails to prevent biological death due to hypoxic brain cell damage. At the beginning of the 21st century, as an alternative to gaseous oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the development of intrapulmonary oxygen-producing antihypoxants through physicochemical repurposing of hydrogen peroxide was initiated in Russia. Professor P.D. Shabanov served as the mind behind and coordinator of the development of new-generation antihypoxants. A new group of antihypoxants — warm alkaline hydrogen peroxide solutions — was discovered. The most effective oxygen-producing antihypoxants, when applied locally via the intrapulmonary route, generate significant volumes of medical oxygen gas through catalase-mediated decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxygen. The local intrapulmonary, endotracheal, and endobronchial pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of warm alkaline hydrogen peroxide solutions are inseparable from interactions with catalase present in sputum, mucus, serous fluids, purulent masses, and blood that obstruct the airways during asphyxia and/or severe acute respiratory obstruction. The new generation of antihypoxants has demonstrated high therapeutic potential as powerful medical oxygen gas generators when administered intrapulmonarily, endobronchially, or endotracheally during acute severe suffocation caused by airway blockage with colloidal liquids containing catalase. It is hypothesized that intrapulmonary oxygen-producing antihypoxants could be considered therapeutic agents for emergency blood oxygen saturation through the lungs when mechanical ventilation is ineffective and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is not feasible.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Причиной биологической смерти теплокровных животных и людей является гипоксическое повреждение клеток головного мозга. В связи с этим газ кислород представляет собой антигипоксант номер один при оказании неотложной медицинской помощи во всех критических состояниях. Наиболее широко кислород используется для этой цели с помощью искусственной вентиляции легких. Однако при асфиксии, вызванной закупоркой дыхательных путей густой мокротой, слизью, гноем и/или кровью, ингаляционный кислород не достигает альвеол и не всасывается в кровь. В указанных ситуациях традиционная искусственная вентиляция легких теряет свою эффективность и не предотвращает биологическую смерть от гипоксического повреждения клеток мозга. В начале XXI в. в качестве альтернативы газообразному кислороду, искусственной вентиляции легких и экстракорпоральной мембранной оксигенации в России была начата разработка внутрилегочных кислород-продуцирующих антигипоксантов путем физико-химичсекого перепрофилирования перекиси водорода. Катализатором и координатором разработок антигипоксантов нового поколения стал профессор П.Д. Шабанов. В результате была открыта новая группа антигипоксантов, которые представляют собой теплые щелочные растворы перекиси водорода. Наиболее эффективные кислород-продуцирующие антигипоксанты при внутрилегочном местном применении обеспечивают мощную генерацию медицинского газа кислорода за счет каталазного расщепления перекиси водорода на воду и молекулярный кислород. Местная внутрилегочная, эндотратрахеальная и эндобронхиальная фармакодинамика и фармакокинетика теплых щелочных растворов перекиси водорода неотделимы от взаимодействия с каталазой, содержащейся в мокроте, слизи, серозных жидкостях, гнойных массах и крови, заполнивших собой дыхательные пути при асфиксии и/или тяжелой острой респираторной обструкции. Показан высокий терапевтический потенциал антигипоксантов нового поколения как мощных генераторов медицинского газа кислорода при их внутрилегочных, эндобронхиальных и эндотрахеальных инъекциях в состоянии острого тяжелого удушья, вызванного закупоркой дыхательных путей коллоидными жидкостями, содержащими каталазу. Предполагается, что внутрилегочные кислород-продуцирующие антигипоксанты могут рассматриваться как лекарственные препараты резервной сатурации крови через легкие в ситуации низкой эффективности искусственной вентиляции легких и невозможности применения экстракорпоральной мембранной оксигенации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydrogen peroxide</kwd><kwd>oxygen gas</kwd><kwd>antihypoxants</kwd><kwd>catalase</kwd><kwd>oxygen generator</kwd><kwd>development</kwd><kwd>drugs</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перекись водорода</kwd><kwd>газ кислород</kwd><kwd>антигипоксанты</kwd><kwd>каталаза</kwd><kwd>генератор кислорода</kwd><kwd>разработка</kwd><kwd>лекарства</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Shabanov PD. Creator of the concept of antihypoxants and actoprotectors: on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Professor V.M. Vinogradov. 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