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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской военно-медицинской академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1682-7392</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1424</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">58117</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/brmma58117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Education news</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Новое в преподавании</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Disease as a result of violations of the symbiotic relationship between the host and the microbiota with pathogens</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Болезни как следствие нарушений симбиотических взаимоотношений организма хозяина с микробиотой и патогенами</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>Evgeny I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>Евгений Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of medical sciences, professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grinevich</surname><given-names>Vladimir B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гриневич</surname><given-names>Владимир Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of medical sciences, professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gubonina</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Губонина</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of medical sciences, associate professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchuk</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравчук</surname><given-names>Юрий Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of medical sciences, associate professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-4856</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6507529350</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">Е-8190-2019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4978-0785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Apcel</surname><given-names>Vasily Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апчел</surname><given-names>Василий Яковлевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of medical sciences, professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanyuk</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванюк</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of medical sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова МО РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian State Pedagogical University named after A.I. Herzen</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный педагогический университет имени А.И. Герцена</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>243</fpage><lpage>252</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-01-12"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-06-01"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Tkachenko E.I., Grinevich V.B., Gubonina I.V., Kravchuk Y.A., Apcel V.Y., Ivanyuk E.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Ткаченко Е.И., Гриневич В.Б., Губонина И.В., Кравчук Ю.А., Апчел В.Я., Иванюк Е.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tkachenko E.I., Grinevich V.B., Gubonina I.V., Kravchuk Y.A., Apcel V.Y., Ivanyuk E.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ткаченко Е.И., Гриневич В.Б., Губонина И.В., Кравчук Ю.А., Апчел В.Я., Иванюк Е.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1682-7392/article/view/58117">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1682-7392/article/view/58117</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recent achievements in many sciences have led to an understanding of the need to form new ideas about the nature of human relationships with the environment and the inner world, his health, the principles of disease formation and their prevention. There has been a transition from a collection of achievements of various sciences to a holistic paradigm that unites a person as an organism and as a person, his inner and surrounding world. It became obvious that this could not be done within the framework of the previous general theories of medicine. To this end, the authors propose a new theory of medicine: "the theory of noospheric-anthropogenic harmony". From the standpoint of this theory, the mechanisms of the relationship of microbiota and pathogens with the protective and acceptive immunity of a healthy and sick person, as well as the mechanisms of microbiota regulation, are considered. The paradigm of dysbiosis as the cause of many diseases and main homeostatic mechanisms that provide symbiotic relationships of microbiota, immunity and its role in the mechanisms of natural tolerance and formation of various disease, such as, autoimmune ones and tumors, require a change in the acceptedtreatment and prevention. A new approach should be based on using a new class of drugs — metabiotics, which in their term influence microbiota.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Последние достижения многих наук привели к пониманию необходимости формирования новых представлений о сущности взаимоотношений человека с окружающим и внутренним миром, его здоровья, принципах формирования заболеваний и их профилактики. Наметился переход от коллекции достижений различных наук к холистической парадигме, объединяющей человека как организм и как личность, его внутренний и окружающий мир. Стало очевидным, что это невозможно сделать в рамках прежних общих теорий медицины. С этой целью авторы предлагают новую теорию медицины — «теорию ноосферно-антропогенной гармонии». С позиций данной теории рассматриваются механизмы взаимоотношений микробиоты и патогенов с протективным и акцептивным иммунитетом здорового и больного человека, а также механизмы регулирования микробиоты. Формируемая парадигма дисбиоза как причины многих заболеваний и установленные ведущие гомеостатические механизмы, обеспечивающие симбиотические взаимоотношения микробиоты, иммунитета и его роли в механизмах естественной толерантности, формирования различных, в том числе аутоиммунных, заболеваний и опухолей, требуют изменения привычной стратегии лечения и профилактики, в основу которой положено управление микробиотой с использованием нового класса средств — метабиотиков.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>noospheric-anthropogenic harmony</kwd><kwd>diseases</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>protective immunity</kwd><kwd>acceptive immunity</kwd><kwd>metabiotics</kwd><kwd>dysbiosis</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ноосферно-антропогенная гармония</kwd><kwd>болезни</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>протективный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>акцептивный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>метабиотики</kwd><kwd>дисбиоз</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ugolev AM. 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