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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской военно-медицинской академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1682-7392</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1424</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">642928</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/brmma642928</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">QCRSJO</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальное исследование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Medical and Statistical Overview of Socially Significant Infectious Diseases Among Female Servicemembers of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (2012–2021)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медико-статистическая характеристика социально значимых инфекционных заболеваний у военнослужащих-женщин Вооруженных сил Российской Федерации (2012–2021 гг.)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0660-852X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1838-5640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белова</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vmeda-nio@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-2102</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1692-4593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimov</surname><given-names>Vladimir I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимов</surname><given-names>Владимир Иванович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>vmeda-nio@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9154-7017</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6220-1218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzin</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузин</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>vmeda-nio@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8291-6965</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8660-5837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lemeshkin</surname><given-names>Roman N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лемешкин</surname><given-names>Роман Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>lemeshkinroman@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-6903</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3446-7464</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shinkareva</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шинкарева</surname><given-names>Ольга Георгиевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>vmeda-nio@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский центр экстренной и радиационной медицины имени А.М. Никифорова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>229</fpage><lpage>238</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-14"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-06-23"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1682-7392/article/view/642928">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1682-7392/article/view/642928</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Socially significant diseases are conditions that pose a threat to public health because of their high prevalence, temporary or permanent disability rates, elevated mortality, and substantial costs associated with prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation. In military healthcare, comprehending the trends of infectious morbidity among female servicemembers is still a critical concern.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> This study aimed to analyze clinical characteristics of selected socially significant infectious diseases—tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection—among female servicemembers during a ten-year period (2012–2021).</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> Using data from medical reports (Form 3/MED) and annual reports (Form 4/MED) from 2012 to 2021, the Department of Public Health and Healthcare Organization at the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy analyzed the primary and hospital morbidity, work loss, and discharge rates among female servicemembers diagnosed with tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, and HIV infection. The study also analyzed open-access statistical data on morbidity in the Russian Armed Forces. Diseases and diagnostic categories were coded in accordance with the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, and HIV infection together accounted for approximately 4.7% of primary morbidity due to class I diseases. The average long-term incidence rates per 100,000 were 13.9 for tuberculosis, 34.9 for viral hepatitis, and 6.1 for HIV infection, corresponding to 1.2%, 3%, and 0.5% of the class I disease structure, respectively (4.7% in total). Primary morbidity among female service members was lower by factors of 4.2 (tuberculosis), 2.2 (hepatitis), and 10.3 (HIV) than the Russian general population. The average long-term discharge rates per 100,000 servicewomen were 3.7 for tuberculosis, 9.7 for viral hepatitis, and 4.1 for HIV infection, accounting for 13.9%, 34.2%, and 15.2% of total discharges within class I diseases, respectively—63.3% in total.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> According to reportable morbidity types, a relatively low incidence of socially significant diseases was observed among female servicemembers. A disproportionately high percentage of discharges and deaths were caused by HIV infection. The documented rise in hospital morbidity, work loss, and mortality among female servicemembers due to HIV infection suggests delayed access to medical care. Key strategies for preventing these socially significant diseases include enhancing personal moral and medical literacy, promoting healthy lifestyles and health-preserving behavior, maintaining general hygiene, using barrier contraception, avoiding drug use, and ensuring timely access to medical care.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Социально значимые заболевания — заболевания, представляющие угрозу для здоровья населения в связи с высокой распространенностью, временной и стойкой утратой трудоспособности, высокой смертностью, существенными затратами на их профилактику, лечение и реабилитацию. Выявление основных закономерностей инфекционной заболеваемости у военнослужащих-женщин — актуальный вопрос военного здравоохранения.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — дать медико-статистическую характеристику некоторых социально значимых инфекционных заболеваний: туберкулеза, вирусного гепатита и инфекции, вызванной вирусом иммунодефицита человека — у военнослужащих-женщин за 10 лет (2012–2021 гг.).</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> По результатам данных медицинских отчетов (форма 3/МЕД) и ежегодной отчетной формы 4/МЕД за 10 лет (2012–2021 гг.) на кафедре организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья Военно-медицинской академии им. С.М. Кирова проанализирована первичная и госпитальная заболеваемость, трудопотери и увольняемость военнослужащих-женщин, болеющих туберкулезом, вирусным гепатитом и инфекцией, вызванной вирусом иммунодефицита человека. Для анализа также были использованы данные открытых статистических публикаций по заболеваемости военнослужащих Вооруженных сил Российской Федерации. В исследовании использованы нозологии, группы и классы болезней в соответствии с Международной статистической классификацией болезней 10-го пересмотра.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В структуре всей первичной заболеваемости среди болезней I класса туберкулез, вирусные гепатиты и инфекция, вызванная вирусом иммунодефицита человека, составили около 4,7%. Среднемноголетний уровень первичной заболеваемости туберкулезом составил 13,9 на 100 тыс. человек, вирусным гепатитом — 34,9 на 100 тыс. человек, инфекцией, вызванной вирусом иммунодефицита человека, — 6,1 на 100 тыс. человек, при доле в структуре I класса — 1,2; 3 и 0,5% соответственно, в сумме — 4,7%. По сравнению с населением России первичная заболеваемость у военнослужащих-женщин была меньше в 4,2; 2,2 и 10,3 раза соответственно. Среднемноголетний уровень увольняемости военнослужащих-женщин по причине туберкулеза был 3,7 на 100 тыс. человек, гепатита — 9,7 на 100 тыс. человек, инфекции, вызванной вирусом иммунодефицита человека, — 4,1 на 100 тыс. человек, при доле увольняемости в структуре I класса — 13,9; 34,2 и 15,2% соответственно, в сумме — 63,3%.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Отмечен невысокий уровень социально значимых заболеваний у военнослужащих-женщин по учетным видам заболеваемости при высокой значимости причин увольняемости и смертности от инфекции, вызванной вирусом иммунодефицита человека. Увеличение госпитальной заболеваемости, трудопотерь и факт наличия смертности военнослужащих-женщин по причине инфекции, вызванной вирусом иммунодефицита человека, свидетельствуют о несвоевременности получения медицинской помощи. Основные способы профилактики данных социально значимых заболеваний: повышение личной нравственной и медицинской культуры и проведение мероприятий, направленных на формирование здорового образа жизни и здоровьесберегающего поведения, соблюдение правил общей гигиены, барьерная контрацепция, исключение употребления наркотиков и своевременность оказания медицинской помощи.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>female servicemembers</kwd><kwd>disease trends</kwd><kwd>primary morbidity</kwd><kwd>hospitalization</kwd><kwd>work loss</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>viral hepatitis</kwd><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus</kwd><kwd>healthy lifestyle</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>военнослужащие-женщины</kwd><kwd>динамика заболеваемости</kwd><kwd>первичная заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>госпитализация</kwd><kwd>трудопотери</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>вирусный гепатит</kwd><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека</kwd><kwd>здоровый образ жизни</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Boyarkina SI. 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