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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Informacionnye Tehnologii</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Informacionnye Tehnologii</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Информационные технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1684-6400</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">New Technologies Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">702078</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17587/it.31.507-516</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Modeling and optimization</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Моделирование и оптимизация</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Methodology for assessing the noise immunity of digital signal reception in a shortwave communication channel taking into account the diffuseness of the ionosphere</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Методика оценки помехоустойчивости приема цифровых сигналов в коротковолновом канале связи с учетом диффузности ионосферы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashintsev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашинцев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Eng. Sc., Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, проф.</p></bio><email>pasintsevp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belokon</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоконь</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ст. науч. сотр.</p></bio><email>ahoi8@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North Caucasus Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Krasnodar Higher Military School</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Краснодарское высшее военное училище</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>10</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>507</fpage><lpage>516</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Informacionnye Tehnologii</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Информационные технологии</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Informacionnye Tehnologii</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Информационные технологии</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1684-6400/article/view/702078">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1684-6400/article/view/702078</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper shows the dependence of the noise immunity of signals with multiple PSK and QAM modulation of a shortwave communication channel with Rician fading on the ratio of the operating frequency to the maximum usable frequency and the degree of ionosphere diffuseness. The noise immunity was estimated based on the moment function and numerical methods. Numerical calculations of the error probability were performed using the built-in MATLAB simulation tool. The values of the permissible signal-to-noise ratio were established to ensure the required error probability for PSK signals with a modulation ratio of M = 8 and QAM signals with a modulation ratio of M = 64. The modulation ratio of the signals was selected based on the signals actually used in the shortwave communication channel established in the MIL-STD-188-110B standard. Interoperability and Performance Standards for Data Modems. To estimate the signal fading depth in the Rician channel, a known technique for estimating the dependence of the Rician parameter on the ratio of the operating frequency to the maximum usable frequency and the degree of ionosphere diffuseness was used. Also, energy losses of the permissible signal-to-noise ratio of PSK-8 and QAM-64 signals were established in comparison with signals with binary orthogonal frequency modulation BFSK depending on the ratio of the operating frequency to the maximum usable frequency and the degree of ionosphere diffuseness. For QAM-64 signals, it was found that their energy loss relative to BFSK will be about 4 dB under normal diffuseness conditions and about 2 dB under moderate diffuseness conditions. For PSK-8 signals, it was found that their energy gain relative to BFSK will be about 4 dB under normal and moderate diffuseness conditions. The developed method allows, based on the results of probing the level of ionospheric diffuseness, to select such ratios of the operating frequency to the maximum usable frequency in a single-mode short-wave communication channel that will provide an acceptable value of the probability of erroneous reception of signals with multiple phase and quadrature-amplitude modulations. It is advisable to further develop this method to evaluate the throughput of a short-wave communication channel when receiving PSK and QAM signals with Rician fading.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рассматривается влияние диффузости ионосферы и выбора рабочей частоты в однолучевой коротковолновой радиолинии на помехоустойчивость приема сигналов с многократной (M &gt; 2) фазовой и квадратурно-амплитудной модуляцией. Установлены зависимости допустимого (для обеспечения требуемой вероятности ошибки, равной 10<sup>–5</sup>) отношения сигнал/шум на входе приемника сигналов с фазовой модуляцией кратностью М = 8 и квадратурно-амплитудной модуляцией кратностью М = 64 от отношения рабочей частоты к максимально применимой частоте коротковолновой радиолинии при отсутствии диффузности ионосферы и ее нормальном и умеренном уровнях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>single-beam short-wave communication channel</kwd><kwd>ionosphere</kwd><kwd>diffuseness</kwd><kwd>fading</kwd><kwd>noise immunity</kwd><kwd>phase modulation</kwd><kwd>quadrature-amplitude modulation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>однолучевый коротковолновый канал связи</kwd><kwd>ионосфера</kwd><kwd>диффузность</kwd><kwd>замирания</kwd><kwd>помехоустойчивость</kwd><kwd>фазовая модуляция</kwd><kwd>квадратурно-амплитудная модуляция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский Научный Фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>24-21-00295</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berezovskiy V. 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