Informacionnye TehnologiiInformacionnye TehnologiiИнформационные технологии1684-6400New Technologies Publishing House70225410.17587/it.30.504-514Cad-systemsСистемы автоматизированного проектированияReview ArticleGraph and network methods for automating the design of disassembly processes for complex technical systems. ReviewГрафовые и сетевые методы автоматизации проектирования процессов разборки сложных технических систем. ОбзорBozhkoA. N.БожкоА. Н.
Russian Federation

Dr. of Tec. Sc., Professor of CAD department

д-р техн. наук, проф.

bozhkoan@bmstu.ruChernyaevR. C.ЧерняевР. В.
Russian Federation

Postgraduate Student of CAD department

аспирант

chernyaevrv@student.bmstu.ruBauman Moscow State UniversityМГТУ им. Н. Э. Баумана1510202430105045140602202606022026Copyright ©; 2026, Informacionnye TehnologiiCopyright ©; 2026, Информационные технологии2026Informacionnye TehnologiiИнформационные технологииhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/1684-6400/article/view/702254

During the operation of a complex machine or device, it is necessary to perform complete or partial disassembly of the product and its individual components and assemblies. Disassembly operations are required for repair, maintenance and disposal of technical system components at the end of their service life. Modern technical systems can consist of several thousand (or more) parts and components. Therefore, it is necessary to use modern computing and design automation tools to plan disassembly processes and operations. The sequence of disassembly and the content of disassembly operations largely depend on the mechanical structure of the product. To model the mechanical structures of complex products in CAD-systems, various graph and network models are mainly used. The paper gives an overview of the most popular models of this type. The main carrier of information about the mechanical structure of a product is the so-called liaison graph. The review considers design procedures for synthesizing disassembly processes using the liaison graph. Procedures of expert ordering and procedures based on cuts in the liaison graph.

В процессе эксплуатации сложной машины или прибора иногда необходимо выполнять полную или частичную разборку изделия и его отдельных узлов и агрегатов. Операции демонтажа требуются для ремонта, технического обслуживания и утилизации компонентов технической системы после окончания срока службы. Современные технические системы могут состоять из нескольких тысяч (и более) деталей и компонентов. Поэтому для планирования процессов и операций разборки необходимо использовать современные средства вычислительной техники и автоматизации проектирования. Последовательность разборки и содержание операций демонтажа во многом зависят от механической структуры изделия. Для моделирования механических структур сложных изделий в CAD-системах применяют, главным образом, различные графовые и сетевые модели. В работе приводится обзор самых востребованных моделей такого типа. Основным носителем информации о механической структуре изделия служит так называемый граф связей. В обзоре рассматриваются проектные процедуры синтеза процессов разборки, использующие граф связей: процедуры экспертного упорядочения и процедуры, основанные на разрезаниях графа связей.

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