Vol 25, No 8 (2019)

The role concept is regularly used in the development of conceptual data models. With its help, in particular, it becomes possible to dynamically allocate subsets of entities that are allowed to participate in certain interactions. The embodiment of role behavior at the logical level of modeling can be achieved either by multiple cloning of entity’s types-one clone per role, or by means of creating specialized role objects and attaching them to certain types of entities. At the same time, both approaches give rise to concomitant problems, which, as in the first case, lead to the uncontrolled growth of clone objects in logical models, or, as in the second, require dynamic assignment to each role of a constant, which will later place explicitly in queries that manipulate database records. The latter will inevitably lead to a violation of the programs and data independence principle. Proposed and implemented in this paper the concept of abstract roles eliminates these shortcomings of role types and leverage on the information contained in logical models. A unified role modeling pattern with a single abstract role type containing a finite list of abstract roles is developed. The list is constant for the selected logical model configuration. The pattern includes real role types, each of which is tied to its own entity type. Such an organization also addresses the issue of forming a virtual set of entities that play the same role, but belong to different entity types.

It is well known that the image processing standards (JPEG) and video processing standards (MPEG), based on the use of spectral cosine transformation, do not meet the growing requirements for high quality video transmission obtained from surveillance cameras in transport. The reason for this is the large amount of visual data and the fact that the optimization of the video codec should be done (at least) on three parameters: bit rate, distortion and computational complexity. Therefore, the task arises to develop new image compression algorithms that are best aligned with existing standards. One of the algorithms for improving the process of coding and decoding is considered in this paper. It differs from the existing ones in that the sizes of blocks subjected to cosine transformation can be arbitrary and are selected taking into account the specifics of transport subjects.

The main components of the problem of municipal solid waste management are described from the point of view of the waste management system as an open complex system with fuzzy goals. The system-forming factors of the formation of a geographically-distributed waste management system are identified. The functional tasks of the waste management information support system are considered, the structure of the information system is given. An approach is proposed to solve the problem of zoning of the territorial system on the basis of both private and aggregate characteristics of the situation, based on mathematical geoinformation modeling. An example is given of solving the problem of zoning the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan according to the private and aggregate of indicators characterizing the impact of waste on the environment and public health.

This article aims at the improvement of the engineer training quality in the field of "computer Science and engineering" using on-line and blended learning technology. We consider studying of modern computers architectu re as an example. The complexity of the modeling object, the multi-faceted process of studying the computer architecture, the limited period — are the factors that determine the difficulty of the problem. A computer simulator allows you to explore the stages and features of the calculation process in dynamics with the necessary detail. It can’t be done any other way. Also, computer modeling creates a risk-free environment that allows you to safely and repeatedly apply and analyze possible scenarios, decomposition of computer nodes and configuring its components for different modes of operation. This is either impossible to perform on real devices or may result in computer failure under students’ inept actions. The paper discusses the problems of the computer units and devices simulating, the requirements for models in terms of solving educational and research problems. We propose a structure of the simulating complex, visualization methods of computer architecture components and principles of computer system device’s operation, algorithms descriptions of the modeling programs. Since the computer architecture implies a whole complex of concepts, including functional and structural organization, software and hardware interaction algorithms, the considered simulating complex consists of several simulators: step-by-step operation of the superscalar processor core; cache coherence protocols in multiprocessor (multi-core) systems; algorithms for fast address translation with the help of Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB); various technologies for multithreaded data processing; pipeline processing of the machine instructions stream; memory paging algorithms; cache mapping algorithms; cache replacement algorithms; etc. The main functions and features of each model are considered. An important advantage of the proposed simulating complex is the ability to vary the parameters of models of specific computer devices, which makes it possible to explore the resource/time characteristics of data processing by computer system devices.

The paper deals with the problem of organizing digital production. The survey of the existing software solutions, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. On the basis of the survey, the main stages of the organization of digital production are identified. They are: optimization of placement (choice of place) of production; selection of the optimal supplier of resources; optimization of delivery and storage of resources to the place of production; management of the process of supply and procurement; implementation of protected contracts, product delivery obligations. Based on the analysis of the literature, taking into account the conditions of the modern stage of development of technologies for the organization of production, we can identify the key requirements for the functionality and use of the software platform, consisting of a set of interrelated software for the organization of production. The main architectural solutions are the creation of a decentralized platform (as a public network), consisting of independent software modules (cloud services), connected into a tool with expandable number of modules. The module of smart contracts is implemented using blockchain technology. The tool consists of the block of the organization and planning of processes of production activity and the block of the modules accompanying implementation of process of production activity. Currently, a number of modules of the system have been developed and experimentally tested, now we are developing the full-featured tool.