Relationships between growth factors and clinical diagnostic parameters in patients with diabetic foot syndrome

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Abstract

Aim of the study was to establish the relationships between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and clinical diagnostic parameters in patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) treated with various approaches.

Material and methods. The study included 227 patients with DFS, divided into two groups. The study group included 114 (50.22%) patients who received laser therapy as part of their treatment regimen, while the comparison group included 113 (49.78%) patients who received standard treatment regimens. Blood levels of VEGF, PDGF-BB, and TGF1β were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and markers of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were measured using a colorimetric method. The duration of diabetes, the time of ulcer formation and healing rate, and the degree of foot tissue damage according to Wagner were also assessed.

Results. Healing of diabetic wounds was more active with laser therapy and was associated with increased levels of PDGF-BB (p < 0.001) and TGF1β (p = 0.032), and a decrease in VEGF to control values (p = 0.014). In the comparison group, no relationship was found between TGF1β levels and wound healing (p = 0.252), indicating low fibroblastogenesis activity with traditional diabetic foot treatment. A relationship was found between the decrease in HbA1c in the study group and levels of VEGF (p = 0.001) and PDGF-BB (p < 0.001), but no relationship was found for TGF1β (p = 0.054), which is due to the influence of tissue glycation on the proliferative potential of fibroblasts in diabetic foot disease.

Conclusion. VEGFА and PDGF-BB growth factors were molecular predictors of the degree of tissue damage in the diabetic foot. Determining the role of growth factors in diabetic wound healing is important for developing a personalized approach to treating diabetic foot syndrome and predicting the risk of complications.

About the authors

Darya R. Sycheva

FSBEI HE Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky

Author for correspondence.
Email: darya.hardy@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-0168-9925

Assistant Professor, Department of Pathological Anatomy

Russian Federation, Ilyicha Ave., 16, Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283003

Yuriy G. Lutsenko

FSBEI HE Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky

Email: hirurgiya.fipo@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9442-5207

Associate Professor of the Department of Faculty Surgery named after Professor K.T. Ovnatanyan; Doctor of Medical Sciences

Russian Federation, Ilyicha Ave., 16, Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283003

Maria S. Kyshenya

FSBEI HE Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky

Email: maria.kishenya@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-7987-4091

Leading Researcher at the Central Scientific Research Laboratory; Candidate of Medical Sciences

Russian Federation, Ilyicha Ave., 16, Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283003

Yulia G. Abramova

State Budgetary Institution “Central Clinical Hospital No.9 in Donetsk”

Email: liabrams11@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-5544-694X

Surgeon

Russian Federation, Yelnitskaya Street, 1, Donetsk, Donetsk City District, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283030

Elena I. Yasinetskaya

FSBEI HE Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky

Email: elena_yasinetskaya2004@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-4770-7254

5th year student of the Faculty of General Medicine No.1 

Russian Federation, Ilyicha Ave., 16, Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283003

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