Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Молекулярная медицина1728-29182499-9490Russkiy Vrach Publishing House11329210.29296/24999490-2020-04-04ArticlesСтатьиResearch Articleβ2 Мicroglobulin and the aging process.β2-Микроглобулин и процесс старения.KuznikB. IКузникБ. И

доктор медицинских наук, профессор

ChalisovaN. IЧалисоваН. И

доктор биологических наук, профессор

Chita State Medical AcademyФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия»Innovation Clinic of the Academy of HealthИновационная клиника «Академия здоровья»Pavlov Institute of PhysiologyФГБУН «Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова» Российской академии наукSaint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and GerontologyАНО НИЦ «Санкт-Петербургский институт биорегуляции и геронтологии»15032020184VOL 18, NO4 (2020)ТОМ 18, №4 (2020)283518112022Copyright ©; 2020, Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseCopyright ©; 2020, ИД "Русский врач"2020Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseИД "Русский врач"https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/113292

The problems of longevity increase and its quality improvement are actual for the modern gerontology. So far it is necessary to complete tasks of early diagnostic and target prophylactic of the age-associated pathology. There are presented the data concerning β-microglobulin (β2М), one of the frequent marker of aging. There are considered the data about the structure, properties, and functions of β2М, in which concentration is increased by aging. The experiments demonstrated the β2М concentration to increase in the hippocampus of old animals as in young heterochronic parabionts. The great correlation is observed between the β2М concentration and the deterioration of cognitive functions as well as the development of dementia. β2М plays a great role in the development of cardiovascular disease. The heart ischemic disease, the pathology of arteria carotis and peripheral vessels were more expressive in the patients with a great β2М concentration in plasma. It was the correlation between diabetes mellitus severity and high β2М level. β2М, as an oncogenic factor, stimulates the development and metastasis of the different cancers. The determination of plasma β2М concentration is of great significance for the predictive medicine and the prophylactic of the age-associated pathology.

Актуальными для современной геронтологии являются не только проблемы увеличения продолжительности жизни, но и значительного улучшения ее качества. Для этого необходимо решать задачи ранней диагностики и таргетной профилактики возраст-ассоциированных заболеваний. Рассматриваются данные об одном из наиболее часто встречающихся маркеров старения - β-микроглобулине (β2М) плазмы крови. Представлены сведения о строении, свойствах и функциях β2М, содержание которого увеличивается при старении организма. В экспериментах показано, что концентрация β2М увеличивается в гиппокампе старых животных, а также молодых гетерохронных парабионтов. Обнаружена положительная корреляция между концентрацией β2М и степенью нарушения когнитивных функций, деменции. Большую роль вМ играет в развитии заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы. У больных с высоким уровнем β2М в сыворотке крови более тяжело протекала ИБС, сильнее поражались сонные артерии и периферические сосуды. Показана положительная корреляция тяжести и продолжительности сахарного диабета с высокой концентрацией β2М. Кроме того вМ стимулирует рост и метастазирование различных видов рака. Определение концентрации β2М в сыворотке крови имеет большое прогностическое значение для предиктивной медицины и профилактики патологии, ассоциированной с возрастом.

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