Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Молекулярная медицина1728-29182499-9490Russkiy Vrach Publishing House11343810.29296/24999490-2021-04-02ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleThe role of VEGF and microRNA in the formation of the endometrioid phenotype of endometrial cellsРоль VEGF и микроРНК в формировании эндометриоидного фенотипа клеток эндометрияUkrainetsRoman VadimovichУкраинецРоман Вадимович

pathologists in the Department of Clinical Pathology №2

врач-патологоанатом отделения клинической патологии №2; Ассистент кафедры патологической анатомии

ukrainets.roman@yandex.ruKornevaYulia SergeevnaКорневаЮлия Сергеевна

Sergeevna - PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Pathological Anatomy

кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры патологической анатомии; врач-патологоанатом отделения клинической патологии №2

ksu1546@yandex.ruSmolensk State Medical UniversityФГБОУВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииSmolensk Regional Institute of PathologyОГБУЗ «Смоленский областной институт патологии»15042021194VOL 19, NO4 (2021)ТОМ 19, №4 (2021)101418112022Copyright ©; 2021, Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseCopyright ©; 2021, ИД "Русский врач"2021Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseИД "Русский врач"https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/113438

This review attempts to generalize current data on the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and their pathogenetic relationship with the main pathomorphological phenomena in this pathology. Nowadays, many microRNAs were studied to clarify the pathogenesis of endometriosis and its reliable diagnostic marker. The difference between heterotopic endometrioid cells and intact endometrial cells is referred to in the literature as «endometrioid phenotype formation» and probably depends on changes in the expression of specific microRNAs. Increasing VEGF expression in endometriosis has a common pathogenetic axis with impaired expression of many microRNAs, like miR-29c, miR-33b, miR-199a-5p, and miR-210. Probably, changes in the expression of these microRNAs lead to the formation of an endometrioid phenotype. The subsequent pathogenetic cascade in the form of changes in the expression of miR-145 and miR-451 promotes the formation of endometriosis-associated infertility. Changes in the expression of miR-199a-5p, miR-125b-5P and miR-191 in turn increase the risk of malignization of endometrioid heterotopia. This data may serve to create both prevention and targeted therapy for endometriosis and related infertility, as well as to prevent the development of endometriosis-associated cancer.

Данный обзор является попыткой обобщения современных данных о роли микроРНК в патогенезе эндометриоза и их патогенетической связи с основными патоморфологическими проявлениями при данной патологии. На сегодняшний день исследуется большое количество микроРНК с целью уточнения патогенеза эндометриоза, а также его надежного диагностического маркера. Известно, что клетки эндометриоидной гетеротопии отличаются от клеток нормального эндометрия, что в литературе именуется как «формирование эндометриоидного фенотипа» и, вероятно, зависит от изменения экспрессии специфичных микроРНК. Возрастающая экспрессия VEGF при эндометриозе имеет общую патогенетическую ось с нарушением экспрессии ряда микроРНК, а именно - miR-29c, miR-33b, miR-199a-5p и miR-210. Вероятно, изменения экспрессии именно указанных микроРНК приводят к формированию эндометриоидного фенотипа, а последующий патогенетический каскад в виде изменения экспрессии miR- 145 и miR-451 участвует в формировании эндометриоз-ассоциированного бесплодия; в свою очередь, изменение экспрессии miR-199a-5p, miR-125b-5р и miR-191 повышает риск малигнизации эндометриоидной гетеротопии. Полученные данные могут послужить для разработки как профилактики, так и таргетной терапии эндометриоза и связанного с ним бесплодия, а также для предотвращения развития эндометриоз-ассоциированного рака.

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