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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярная медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2918</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2499-9490</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">113804</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29296/24999490-2022-05-02</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cell technologies for endometriosis pathogenesis study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клеточные технологии для изучения патогенеза эндометриоза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Okladnikova</surname><given-names>Evgenja Vladimirovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Окладникова</surname><given-names>Евгения Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>associated professor of Pathophysiology Department.; Candidate of medical sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры патологической физиологии им. В.В. Иванова.; Кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>farmasis@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruksha</surname><given-names>Tatiana Gennadievna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рукша</surname><given-names>Татьяна Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Pathophysiology Department.; Doctor of medical sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая кафедрой патологической физиологии им. В.В. Иванова.; Доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>tatyana_ruksha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 20, NO5 (2022)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 20, №5 (2022)</issue-title><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-11-18"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-05-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/113804">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/113804</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory estrogen-dependent disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is not fully determined. The relevance of its study is due to the development of chronic inflammation in the lesions, which is accompanied by a pronounced pain syndrome. The appearance of ectopic foci in the reproductive system of women of fertile age can lead to the development of infertility. Animals or cell cultures can be used to study the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of the study. To summarize the current data on the possibilities of modeling endometriosis using cell cultures, to consider the features of different models and their application to study the pathogenesis of the disease. Methods. The materials were the results of research on this topic over the past 20 years, from 2002 to 2022. The publications included in the databases «Pubmed», «Medline», «eLibrary.ru «. Results. This review provides information about the advantages and disadvantages of endometriosis modeling in vivo and in vitro. In animals, the initiation of the disease is impossible in a natural way (with the exception of primates), they require maintenance costs, their use is limited by ethical standards. Among the cell cultures used to study endometriosis, monocultures (stromal, epithelial, stem, mesothelial, immune cells) and co-cultures can be distinguished. The choice of the model is determined by the objectives of the study. The review presents some features of cell isolation from ectopic endometrial tissue, methods of cell identification and methods of their cultivation. The use of immortalized cell lines and 3D models in the study of the pathogenesis of the disease is discussed. Conclusion. Modeling of endometriosis has a number of technological problems due to both the nature of the disease and the biological properties of cells involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Compared to animal models, in vitro models allow easy access to target cells to identify critical cellular and molecular factors, and to evaluate intercellular interactions that contribute to the development of the disease.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Введение. Эндометриоз - хроническое воспалительное эстрогензависимое заболевание, которое характеризуется наличием ткани эндометрия вне полости матки. Патогенез эндометриоза до конца не определен. Актуальность его изучения обусловлена развитием хронического воспаления в очагах поражения, которое сопровождается выраженным болевым синдромом. Появление эктопических очагов в репродуктивной системе женщин фертильного возраста может привести к развитию бесплодия. Для изучения патогенеза заболевания можно использовать животных или клеточные культуры. Цель обзора. Обобщить современные данные о возможностях моделирования эндометриоза с использованием клеточных культур, рассмотреть особенности разных моделей и их применение для изучения патогенеза заболевания. Методы. Материалами послужили результаты исследований по данной теме за последние 20 лет, с 2002 по 2022 годы. Анализировались публикации, входящие в базы данных Pubmed, Medline, eLibrary.ru. Результаты. В представленном обзоре приводятся сведения о преимуществах и недостатках моделирования эндометриоза in vivo и in vitro. У животных инициация заболевания невозможна естественным путем (за исключением приматов), они требуют затрат на содержание, их использование ограничено этическими нормами. Среди культур клеток, применяемых для изучения эндометриоза, можно выделить монокультуры (стромальных, эпителиальных, стволовых, мезотелиальных, иммунных клеток) и кокультуры. Выбор модели обусловлен целями исследования. В обзоре приводятся некоторые особенности выделения клеток из эктопической ткани эндометрия, способы идентификации клеток и методы их культивирования. Обсуждается применение иммортализованных клеточных линий и 3D-моделей в изучении патогенеза заболевания. Заключение. Моделирование эндометриоза имеет ряд технологических проблем, обусловленных как природой заболевания, так и биологическими свойствами клеток, участвующих в патогенезе эндометриоза. По сравнению с моделями на животных модели in vitro позволяют получить легкий доступ к клеткам-мишеням для выявления критических клеточных и молекулярных факторов, оценить межклеточные взаимодействия способствующих развитию заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>in vitro</kwd><kwd>endometriosis</kwd><kwd>in vitro</kwd><kwd>cell cultures</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндометриоз</kwd><kwd>клеточные культуры</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Taylor H.S., Kotlyar A.M., Flores V.A. Endometriosis is a chronic systemic disease: clinical challenges and novel innovations. Lancet. 2021; 397 (10276): 839-52. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00389-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Saunders P.T.K, Horne A.W Endometriosis: Etiology, pathobiology, and therapeutic prospects. 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