Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Молекулярная медицина1728-29182499-9490Russkiy Vrach Publishing House11380510.29296/24999490-2022-05-03ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleFibroblast growth factors and their effect on cognitive functions and the course of central nervous system degenerative diseasesФакторы роста фибробластов и их влияние на когнитивные функции и течение дегенеративных заболеваний центральной нервной системыKuznikBoris IlichКузникБорис Ильич

Honorable chief of cathedra of normal physiology; Doctor of medical sciences, professor.

почетный заведующий кафедрой нормальной физиологии; Доктор медицинских наук, профессор.

bi_kuznik@mail.ruGusevaEcaterina SergeevnaГусеваЕкатерина Сергеевна

director assistance of clinic-expert and organization-methodic work; Candidate of medical sciences.

Кандидат медицинских наук

guseva81@gmail.comDavidovSergei OlegovichДавыдовСергей Олегович

chief; Doctor of medical sciences

руководитель; Доктор медицинских наук.

davydov-so@mail.ruChalisovaNatalia IosifovnaЧалисоваНаталья Иосифовна

leading researcher of Pavlov Institute of Physiology RAS. Senior researcher of the laboratory of Oncogerontology of Biogerontology department; Doctor of biologic sciences, professor.

ведущий научный сотрудник группы пептидной регуляции старения; Ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории онкогеронтологии; Доктор биологических наук, профессор.

ni_chalisova@mail.ruChita State Medical Academy, Russian FederationЧитинская государственная медицинская академияInnovation Clinic Academy of HealthИновационная клиника Академия здоровья«St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology»АНО НИЦ «Санкт-Петербургский институт биорегуляции и геронтологии»Institute of Physiology I.P. Pavlov Academy of SciencesИнститут физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН15052022205VOL 20, NO5 (2022)ТОМ 20, №5 (2022)182718112022Copyright ©; 2022, Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseCopyright ©; 2022, ИД "Русский врач"2022Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseИД "Русский врач"https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/113805

Aim of investigation. The study of characteristics of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), as a man factor FGFd, including 22 structurally connected polypeptides, is necessary for the neuroprotection by the CNS degenerative pathology is presented playing a great role in neuroprotection, cognitive functions state. The factors FGF1, FGF2, FGF8. FGF17, FGF18, FGF20. FGF21 and their receptor (RFGF) in natural conditions plays a great role in nerve system structures preservation, in formation and preservation of long-term memory and other cognitive functions. Methods. Inroduction in old rat experiments the plasma or cerebrospinal fluid of young rats and also of recombinant FGFs. Results. The cerebrospinal fluid of young rats increased the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte cell-precursors in the hippocampus of old animals and this lead to great closing of cognitive disfunctions and reformed the leaning and memory. Conclusion. FGFs investigation create the basis for the preparation elaboration, which restore cognitive functions by aging and CNS degenerative pathology (Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, stroke).

Цель обзора. Изучение характеристик факторов роста фибробластов (FGFs), таких, как фактор FGFd у человека, включающий 22 структурно связанных между собой полипептидов, необходимо для осуществления нейропротекции при дегенеративных заболеваниях центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Факторы FGF1, FGF2, FGF8. FGF17, FGF18. FGF20. FGF21 и их рецептор (RFGF) в естественных условиях играют важную роль в сохранении структур нервной системы, формировании и сохранении долговременной памяти и других когнитивных функций. В связи с тем, что мере старения организма, а также при дегенеративных заболеваниях ЦНС, содержание FGFs снижается, необходимо изучение механизмов влияния FGFs на нейрогенез и когнитивные функции. Методы. Вливание в эксперименте старым крысам плазмы или спинномозговой жидкости (СМЖ) от молодых особей, а также рекомбинантных FGFs. Результаты. СМЖ молодых крыс повышало пролиферацию и дифференцировку клеток-предшественников олигодендроцитов в гиппокампе стареющих животных, что в значительной степени ликвидировало когнитивные нарушения, улучшало обучение и память. Заключение. Исследования FGFs создают базу для разработки препаратов, восстанавливающих когнитивные функции при старении и при дегенеративных заболеваниях ЦНС (болезни Альцгеймера и Паркинсона, геморрагический и ишемический инсульт).

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