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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярная медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2918</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2499-9490</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">340862</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29296/24999490-2023-02-05</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original research</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Activation of the mapk signal cascade components phosphorylation involved in the formation of the G0-positive tumor phenotype</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Активация фосфорилирования компонентов сигнального каскада марк, участвующих в формировании G0-положительного фенотипа клеток опухоли</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6363-5941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Esimbekova</surname><given-names>Aleksandra R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есимбекова</surname><given-names>Александра Рашидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student of the Department of Pathophysiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры патологической физиологии имени профессора В.В. Иванова</p></bio><email>aleksandra.esimbekova.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-9565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapkina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапкина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Зиядхановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacy, Candidate of biological sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры фармации с курсом ПО, кандидат биологических наук</p></bio><email>e.z.lapkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8142-4283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruksha</surname><given-names>Tatiana G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рукша</surname><given-names>Татьяна Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Pathophysiology, Doctor of medical sciences, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая кафедрой патологической физиологии имени профессора В.В. Иванова, доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>tatyana_ruksha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-20"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-20"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-04-21"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/340862">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/340862</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic><bold>Introduction.</bold></italic> Among the heterogeneous population of tumor cells, there are so-called dormant and senescent cells located in the G<sub>0</sub> phase of the cell cycle. The transition to the G<sub>0</sub> phase is a stress response mediated, for example, by treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs. The functioning of such cells is associated with the development of non-response.</p> <p><bold><italic>The aim of the study.</italic> </bold>G<sub>0</sub>-positive skin melanoma cells modulation with subsequent assessment of the MARK signal cascade molecules, including the main tumor suppressor p53.</p> <p><italic><bold>Material and methods.</bold></italic> Skin melanoma cells were incubated with the cytostatic drug dacarbazine to induce the level of G<sub>0</sub>-positive cells. Total RNA extracted from cells was used for transcriptome analysis, after which the level of phosphorylation of MARK key molecules was evaluated. By immunocytochemistry (ICC) and real-time PCR (PCR-RT) the activity of tumor suppressor p53 was analyzed.</p> <p><italic><bold>Results. </bold></italic>As a result of the G<sub>0</sub>-positive cells level modulation, the MARK signal cascade is among the signaling pathways with the largest number of genes with altered expression. Significantly increased the number of phosphorylated proteins JNK, p70S6K, MEK, RSK1 and RSK2, as well as protein p53, capable of forming a senescent phenotype of tumor cells.</p> <p><italic><bold>Conclusion. </bold></italic>When the level of G<sub>0</sub>-positive skin melanoma cells is modulated by the cytostatic drug dacarbazine, phosphorylation of the MARK signaling cascade components involved in the formation of the G<sub>0</sub>-positive tumor phenotype increases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic><bold>Введение. </bold></italic>Среди гетерогенной популяции опухолевых клеток присутствуют так называемые дормантные или спящие и стареющие опухолевые клетки, находящиеся в G<sub>0</sub> фазе клеточного цикла. Переход в G<sub>0</sub> фазу представляет собой реакцию на стресс, опосредуемую, например, лечением химиотерапевтическими препаратами. Функционирование таких клеток связывают с развитием лекарственной устойчивости.</p> <p><italic><bold>Цель исследования. </bold></italic>Модуляция уровня G<sub>0</sub>-положительных клеток меланомы кожи с последующей оценкой изменений молекул сигнального каскада МАРК, в том числе главного онкосупрессора p53.</p> <p><italic><bold>Материал и методы.</bold></italic> В качестве повреждающего агента, индуцирующего уровень G<sub>0</sub>-положительных клеток меланомы кожи, был использован цитостатический препарат дакарбазин. Экстрагированную из клеток тотальную РНК использовали для анализа транскриптома, после чего оценивали уровень фосфорилирования ключевых молекул каскада МАРК. С помощью иммуноцитохимического исследования (ИЦХ) и ПЦР в реальном времени (ПЦР-РВ) более детально проанализирована активность онкосупрессора p53.</p> <p><italic><bold>Результаты. </bold></italic>В результате модуляции уровня G<sub>0</sub>-положительных клеток к числу сигнальных путей с наибольшим количеством генов с измененной экспрессией относится сигнальный каскад МАРК. Значительно увеличено количество фосфорилированных белков JNK, p70S6K, MEK, RSK1 и RSK2, а также белка р53, способного формировать стареющий фенотип опухолевых клеток.</p> <p><italic><bold>Заключение.</bold> </italic>При модуляции уровня G<sub>0</sub>-положительных клеток меланомы кожи цитостатическим препаратом дакарбазин усиливается фосфорилирование компонентов сигнального каскада МАРК, участвующих в формировании G<sub>0</sub>-положительного фенотипа опухоли.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>skin melanoma</kwd><kwd>pathway</kwd><kwd>mitogen-activated protein kinases</kwd><kwd>dacarbazine</kwd><kwd>cell cycle</kwd><kwd>G0 phase</kwd><kwd>cell dormancy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома кожи</kwd><kwd>сигнальный путь</kwd><kwd>митоген-активируемые протеинкиназы</kwd><kwd>дакарбазин</kwd><kwd>клеточный цикл</kwd><kwd>фаза G0</kwd><kwd>дормантность клеток</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Rezatabar S., Karimian A., Rameshknia V., Parsian H, Majidinia M., Kopi T.A., Bishayee A., Sadeghinia A., Yousefi M., Monirialamdari M., Yousefi B. 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