Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Молекулярная медицина1728-29182499-9490Russkiy Vrach Publishing House63366410.29296/24999490-2024-03-02ReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleThe role of oxidative stress in the formation of adaptive processes in the bodyРоль окислительного стресса в формировании адаптивных процессов в организмеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-1832DavydovVadim V.ДавыдовВадим Вячеславович
Russian Federation

professor of the department of biochemistry and molecular biology, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Doctor of Medical Sci., professor

профессор кафедры биохимии и молекулярной биологии лечебного факультета, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории биохимии сигнальных путей, доктор медицинских наук, профессор

vaddavydov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7706ShestopalovAlexander Vy.ШестопаловАлександр Вячеславович
Russian Federation

Holder of the department of biochemistry and molecular biology, Holder of the Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Holder of the department of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center, Doctor of Medical Sci., professor

заведующий кафедрой биохимии и молекулярной биологии лечебного факультета, заведующий лаборатории биохимии сигнальных путей, руководитель департамента, доктор медицинских наук, профессор

al-shest@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7418-0222RoumiantsevSergey A.РумянцевСергей Александрович
Russian Federation

Holder of the department of oncology, hematology and radiation therapy, Deputy Director, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sci., professor

заведующий кафедрой онкологии, гематологии и лучевой терапии педиатрического факультета, заместитель директора, Член-корреспондент РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор

s_roumiantsev@mail.ruPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава РоссииThe National Medical Research Center for EndocrinologyНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии Минздрава РоссииDmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and ImmunologyНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева2406202422310202306202423062024Copyright ©; 2024, Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseCopyright ©; 2024, ИД "Русский врач"2024Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseИД "Русский врач"https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/633664

Introduction. Oxidative stress (OS) occurs in various pathological processes, and acting as a nonspecific link in their pathogenesis. Less is known about its physiological role.

The aim of study. Analysis of the results of world literature data and our own research on the participation of oxidative stress in the formation of adaptation processes in the body, under the influence of unfavorable environmental factors.

Methods. Analysis of the results of studies published in international databases (Pubmed, Elsevier) and Russian concerning the physiological role of OS, published over the past 20 years.

Results. The article presents numerous information that OS acts as a nonspecific link in the body’s adaptation. The implementation of its physiological effects is associated with a change in the redox state of the cytoplasm and mitochondria of the cell, which leads to the reversible oxidation of intracellular proteins and contributes to the modulation of their properties. As a result of this, the synthesis changes and the manifestation of the activity of a number of intracellular proteins (enzymes, chaperones, transcription factors) that provide protection from the action of damaging factors is modulated.

Conclusion. The authors conclude that it is inappropriate to use antioxidants for the treatment and prevention of diseases whose pathogenesis is associated with the occurrence of moderate oxidative stress (oxidative eustress).

Введение. Окислительный стресс (ОС) возникает при различных патологических процессах, выступая в качестве неспецифического звена их патогенеза. Меньше известно о его физиологической роли.

Цель. Анализ результатов данных мировой литературы и собственных исследований об участии ОС в формировании процессов адаптации в организме, в условиях воздействия на него неблагоприятных факторов внешней среды.

Методы. Анализ результатов исследований, опубликованных в российских и международных базах данных (Pubmed, Elsevier), касающихся физиологической роли ОС, опубликованных за последние 20 лет.

Результаты. В статье представлены многочисленные сведения о том, что ОС выступает в роли неспецифического звена адаптации организма. Реализация его физиологических эффектов связана с изменением редокс-состояния цитоплазмы и митохондрий клетки, что приводит к обратимому окислению внутриклеточных белков и способствует модуляции их свойств. В результате этого изменяется синтез и модулируется проявление активности целого ряда внутриклеточных белков (ферментов, шаперонов, факторов транскрипции), обеспечивающих защиту от действия повреждающих факторов.

Заключение. Авторы делают заключение о нецелесообразности использования антиоксидантов для лечения и профилактики заболеваний, патогенез которых связан с возникновением умеренного ОС (окислительного эустресса).

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