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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярная медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2918</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2499-9490</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">633667</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29296/24999490-2024-03-05</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Immunohistochemical substantiation of the possibility of use electrochemical method whith using nanotechnological biosensors for assessing alkaline phosphatase activity in tissue colorectal carcinoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Иммуногистохимическое обоснование возможности использования электрохимического метода с применением нанотехнологических биосенсоров для оценки активности щелочной фосфатазы в ткани колоректальной карциномы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-0483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belkin</surname><given-names>Anton N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белкин</surname><given-names>Антон Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior lecturer at the Department of Pathological Anatomy with an autopsy course</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры патологической анатомии с секционным курсом</p></bio><email>belkinanton87@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-4878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Freynd</surname><given-names>Henrietta G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фрейнд</surname><given-names>Генриетта Герхардовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy with an autopsy course, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая кафедрой патологической анатомии с секционным курсом, доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>gfreynd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3632-291X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetov</surname><given-names>Anatoly G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочетов</surname><given-names>Анатолий Глебович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>rector of the Institute, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ректор Института, профессор</p></bio><email>kochetov.lab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. Е.А. Вагнера» Минздрава РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Leningradsky Prospekt</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АНО ДПО «Институт лабораторной медицины»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-06-23"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-23"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-06-24"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/633667">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/633667</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold><bold>. </bold>Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme from the class of hydrolases, widely present in human tissues and organs. Intestinal ALP is one of the enzyme isoforms that is expressed in the mucous membrane throughout the intestine and is a marker of intestinal epithelial differentiation. It is known that the products of the chemical reaction between intestinal alkaline phosphate and a specific substrate, 1-naphthyl phosphate, have electrochemical activity. This makes it possible to evaluate the activity of the enzyme in biological tissues using the electrochemical method using nanotechnological biosensors.</p> <p><bold>The</bold><bold> </bold><bold>aim</bold><bold> </bold><bold>of</bold><bold> </bold><bold>the</bold><bold> </bold><bold>study</bold><bold>.</bold> To evaluate the diagnostic significance of the electrochemical method for assessing alkaline phosphatase activity by comparing it with the results of histological and immunohistochemical studies in colorectal carcinoma.</p> <p><bold>Material</bold><bold> </bold><bold>and</bold><bold> </bold><bold>methods</bold><bold>.</bold> A parallel electrochemical and morphological (histological and immunohistochemical with antibodies to intestinal alkaline phosphatase) study of material from colorectal carcinoma and the colon mucosa outside the tumor of 78 patients was carried out.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold><bold>. </bold>In 70 patients, the current obtained from electrochemical study of tumor biopsies was significantly lower (49.2 nA (95% CI 41.3–88.9) than in biopsies of the intestinal mucosa outside the tumor (119.7 nA (95% CI 96.8–167.1), p&lt;0.05). Histologically, the tumor tissue was represented by adenocarcinoma of varying degrees of differentiation. An immunohistochemical study revealed that the expression of intestinal ALP was absent in carcinoma cells, while in the epithelium of the colon mucosa outside the neoplasm, pronounced diffuse membrane expression of the enzyme was noted. In 8 patients, there was no association between the results of electrochemical and morphological studies due to the presence of non-tumor tissues in the material. An immunohistochemical study revealed that intestinal alkaline phosphatase can be expressed in immune cells and neurons of the submucosal nerve plexuses.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold><bold>.</bold> A comparison of the results of electrochemical, histological and immunohistochemical studies indicates that the electrochemical method has a high diagnostic value and can be used in screening for colorectal carcinoma.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Щелочная фосфатаза (ЩФ) – фермент из класса гидролаз, широко представленный в тканях и органах человека. Кишечная ЩФ – одна из изоформ фермента, которая экспрессируется в слизистой оболочке на всем протяжении кишечника и является маркером дифференцировки кишечного эпителия. Известно, что продукты химической реакции между кишечной ЩФ и специфическим субстратом – 1-нафтилфосфатом обладают электрохимической активностью. Это позволяет оценить активность фермента в биологических тканях с помощью электрохимического метода с применением нанотехнологических биосенсоров.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования: </bold>оценить диагностическую значимость электрохимического метода оценки активности ЩФ путем сопоставления с результатами гистологического и иммуногистохимического (ИГХ) исследований при колоректальной карциноме (КРК).</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Проведено параллельное электрохимическое и морфологическое (гистологическое и ИГХ с антителами к кишечной ЩФ) исследование материала КРК и слизистой оболочки толстой кишки вне опухоли 78 пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> У 70 пациентов сила тока, полученная при электрохимическом исследовании биоптатов опухолей, была значительно ниже (49,2 нА (95% ДИ 41,3–88,9), чем в биоптатах слизистой оболочки кишки вне опухоли (119,7нА (95% ДИ 96,8–167,1), p&lt;0,05). Гистологически ткань опухоли была представлена аденокарциномой различной степени дифференцировки. При ИГХ исследовании установлено, что экспрессия кишечной ЩФ отсутствовала в клетках карциномы, в то время как в эпителии слизистой оболочки толстой кишки вне новообразования отмечалась выраженная диффузная мембранная экспрессия фермента. У 8 пациентов отсутствовала ассоциация результатов электрохимического и морфологического исследований ввиду присутствия в материале тканей, не являющихся опухолью. При ИГХ исследовании было выявлено, что кишечная ЩФ может экспрессироваться в иммунных клетках и нейронах подслизистых нервных сплетений.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Сопоставление результатов электрохимического, гистологического и ИГХ исследований свидетельствует о том, что электрохимический метод обладает высокой диагностической ценностью и может применяться при проведении скрининга КРК.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alkaline phosphatase</kwd><kwd>colorectal carcinoma</kwd><kwd>electrochemical method</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemical method</kwd><kwd>biosensors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>щелочная фосфатаза</kwd><kwd>колоректальная карцинома</kwd><kwd>электрохимический метод</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимический метод</kwd><kwd>биосенсоры</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Rawla P., Sunkara T., Barsouk A. 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