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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярная медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2918</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2499-9490</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">689042</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29296/24999490-2025-03-07</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original research</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular genetic features of iron deficiency anemia phenotypes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярно-генетические особенности фенотипов железодефицитной анемии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4371-1597</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4533-1300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakirova</surname><given-names>Anna E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакирова</surname><given-names>Анна Эдуардовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student of the hospital therapy department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры госпитальная терапия</p></bio><email>bakirovanna@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9721-1319</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5829-1481</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parcernyak</surname><given-names>Alexander S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парцерняк</surname><given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor; Head of the Department of Hospital Therapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент; начальник кафедры госпитальной терапии</p></bio><email>vmeda-nio@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-4467</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4129-7880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudlay</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудлай</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Personalized Medicine and Molecular Immunology No.71, Federal State Budgetary Institution “State Scientific Center Institute of Immunology”, Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корр. РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фармакологии Института Фармации, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории персонализированной медицины и молекулярной иммунологии №71 ФГБУ «ГНЦ Институт иммунологии», профессор кафедры патологической физиологии</p></bio><email>d624254@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8623-7812</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3348-2767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumakova</surname><given-names>Anna K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумакова</surname><given-names>Анна Константиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник Института биохимии и генетики</p></bio><email>021gen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-5532</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3961-0971</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdeeva</surname><given-names>Gulshat R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдеева</surname><given-names>Гульшат Руслановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики Института урологии и клинической онкологии</p></bio><email>grabdeeva@bashgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Military Educational Institution of Higher Education “Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov” of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова» Министерства обороны России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Bashkir State Medical University”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Уфимский федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-11"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-11"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2030-08-22"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/689042">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/689042</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Relevance. </bold>Iron deficiency anemia is a disease present all over the world and maintaining a high incidence rate of both general and primary morbidity despite various options for correction and prevention of this pathology. Molecular genotyping opens up new possibilities for understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of disease development, as well as for finding a more targeted and personalized approach to therapy.</p> <p><bold>The aim </bold>of the study was to determine genetic markers of the risk of iron deficiency anemia by assessing polymorphic variants of rs235756 of the BMP2 gene, rs855791 of the TMPRSS6 gene, rs104894696 of the HAMP gene, rs4820268 of the TMPRSS6 gene and rs3817672 of the TFR1 gene.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods. </bold>The study included 97 patients with mild iron deficiency anemia and 120 people in the control group. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using primers and probes selected using the open online resource PrimerBlast (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/tools/primerblast/).</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>Genetic markers of the risk of developing IDA were identified: rs235756 of the BMP2 gene, rs855791 of the TMPRSS6 gene and resistant course of IDA: rs4820268 of the TMPRSS6 gene. This allows us to recommend determining these genetic markers when examining patients with iron deficiency anemia who do not respond to therapy with iron-containing drugs.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The identified marker profiles of IDA genotypes can optimize the approach to diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this pathology, as well as expand the range of criteria for predicting the course of the disease.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность.</bold> Железодефицитная анемия (ЖДА) – заболевание, представленное во всем мире и сохраняющее высокую частоту как общей, так и первичной заболеваемости, несмотря на различные варианты коррекции и предупреждения развития данной патологии. Молекулярное генотипирование открывает новые возможности понимания патогенетических механизмов развития заболевания, а также поиска более целенаправленного и персонализированного подхода к терапии.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> исследования – определение генетических маркеров риска развития ЖДА при помощи оценки полиморфных вариантов rs235756 гена BMP2, rs855791 гена TMPRSS6, rs104894696 гена HAMP, rs4820268 гена TMPRSS6 и rs3817672 гена TFR1.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>В исследование включены 97 пациентов с легкой степенью ЖДА и 120 человек группы контроля. Генотипирование выполняли методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени с использованием праймеров и зондов, подобранных с использованием открытого онлайн-ресурса PrimerBlast (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/tools/primerblast/).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Выявлены генетические маркеры риска развития ЖДА: rs235756 гена BMP2, rs855791 гена TMPRSS6 и резистентного течения ЖДА: rs4820268 гена TMPRSS6. Это позволяет рекомендовать определение данных генетических маркеров при проведении обследования пациентов с ЖДА, не отвечающих на терапию железосодержащими препаратами.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Выявленные маркерные профили генотипов ЖДА могут оптимизировать подход к диагностике, лечению и профилактике данной патологии, а также расширить спектр критериев для прогнозирования течения заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>iron deficiency anemia</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic typing</kwd><kwd>evaluation of polymorphic variants rs 235756 of the BMP2 gene (A&gt;G)</kwd><kwd>rs 855791</kwd><kwd>of the TMPRSS6 gene (2321G&gt;A)</kwd><kwd>rs104894696 of the HAMP gene (c/212 G&gt;A)</kwd><kwd>rs4820268 of the TMPRSS6 gene A/G</kwd><kwd>rs3817672 of the TFR1 gene (p.S142G)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>железодефицитная анемия</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетическое типирование</kwd><kwd>оценка полиморфных вариантов rs 235756 гена BMP2 (A&gt;G)</kwd><kwd>rs 855791</kwd><kwd>гена TMPRSS6 (2321G&gt;A)</kwd><kwd>rs104894696 гена HAMP (c/212 G&gt;A)</kwd><kwd>rs4820268 гена TMPRSS6 A/G</kwd><kwd>rs3817672 гена TFR1 (p.S142G)</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ивакина С.Н., Нагимова Г.М., Бакиров Б.А., Кудлай Д.А. 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