Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Молекулярная медицина1728-29182499-9490Russkiy Vrach Publishing House68916710.29296/24999490-2025-04-08ReviewsОбзорыResearch ArticleOral fluid leptin is normal and pathologicalЛептин ротовой жидкости в норме и патологииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1232-8826SosninDmitriy YurjevichСоснинДмитрий Юрьевич
Russian Federation

Professor of the Department of Faculty Therapy No.2, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor

профессор кафедры факультетской терапии №2, профессиональной патологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики, доктор медицинских наук, доцент

sosnin_dm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-9571BazarnyiVladimir ViktorovichБазарныйВладимир Викторович
Russian Federation

Chief Researcher of the Department of General Pathology of the Central Research Laboratory, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor

главный научный сотрудник отдела общей патологии, доктор медицинских наук, профессор

bazarny@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5698-8404GrebnevDmitriy YurjevichГребневДмитрий Юрьевич
Russian Federation

Head of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor

заведующий кафедрой патологической физиологии, доктор медицинских наук, профессор

dr-grebnev77@mail.ruE.A. Vagner Perm State Medical UniversityПермский государственный медицинский университет им. академика Е.А. ВагнераUral State Medical UniversityУральский государственный медицинский университет2708202523449541308202513082025Copyright ©; 2025, Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseCopyright ©; 2025, ИД "Русский врач"2025Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseИД "Русский врач"https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/689167

Introduction. Leptin is a representative of biologically active compounds produced by adipose tissue – adipokines. The traditional material for his research is blood. Saliva is a local secret of the glands of the initial part of the digestive tract, which has a high diagnostic potential.

The aim: to analyze the literature data on the content of leptin and the clinical and diagnostic value of its study in oral fluid.

Material and methods: the analysis of literary sources in the PubMed biomedical research search engine for 10 years by the combination of the words «salivary leptin» was performed.

Results. 5 reviews and 29 original papers were found, providing data on age, sex and circadian characteristics of leptin content in mixed oral fluid. The independent clinical and diagnostic significance of the study of leptin in saliva in patients with systemic diseases such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus, as well as oral diseases (stomatitis, chronic periodontitis, tumor lesions of the oral cavity and others) has been revealed.

Conclusion. The study of saliva leptin has an independent diagnostic potential both for diseases of the whole body and for diseases affecting mainly the organs of the oral cavity. The simplicity and non-invasiveness of oral fluid collection determines the prospects for further studies of leptin for clinical diagnostic diagnosis.

Введение. Лептин является представителем биологически активных соединений, продуцируемых жировой тканью – адипокинов. Традиционным материалом для его исследования является кровь. Слюна является локальным секретом желез начального отдела пищеварительного тракта, обладающего высоким диагностическим потенциалом.

Цель: проанализировать данные литературы о содержании лептина и клинико-диагностической ценности его исследования в ротовой жидкости.

Материал и методы. Выполнен анализ литературных источников в поисковой системе по биомедицинским исследованиям PubMed за 10 лет по сочетанию слов «salivary leptin».

Результаты. Найдено 5 обзоров и 29 оригинальных работ, приводящих результаты данные о возрастных, половых и циркадных особенностях содержания лептина в смешанной ротовой жидкости. Выявлено самостоятельное клинико-диагностическое значение исследования лептина в слюне у пациентов при таких системным заболеваниях как метаболический синдром и сахарный диабет, а также при заболеваниях полости рта (стоматит, хронический парадонтит, опухолевые поражения полости рта и другие).

Заключение. Исследование лептина слюны обладает самостоятельным диагностическим потенциалом как при заболеваниях всего организма, так и при заболеваниях, затрагивающих преимущественно органы полости рта. Простота и неинвазивность сбора ротовой жидкости определяет перспективность дальнейших исследований лептина для клинико-диагностической диагностики.

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