Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine)Молекулярная медицина1728-29182499-9490Russkiy Vrach Publishing House68929110.29296/24999490-2025-01-03ReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleNew diagnostic biomarkers for early stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphomaНовые биомаркеры для диагностики ранних стадий Т-клеточной лимфомы кожиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-3374GafurovaOlga A.ГафуроваОльга Андреевна
Russian Federation

Pathologist, Assistant of the Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology

врач-патологоанатом, ассистент Института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии

lobanova_o_a@staff.sechenov.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-8841-6275DanilikOleg N.ДаниликОлег Николаевич
Russian Federation

student of the Institute of Biodesign and Modelling of Complex Systems

студент Института биодизайна и моделирования сложных систем

oleg.danilik7@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-2525-5272AnufrievaOlesya V.АнуфриеваОлеся Валерьевна
Russian Federation

student of the Institute of Pharmacy named after A.P. Nelubin

студентка Института фармации им. А.П. Нелюбина

benrimasalmin@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-7095-3955SyrovatskayaYana V.СыроватскаяЯна Владиславовна
Russian Federation

student of the Institute of Pharmacy named after A.P. Nelyubin

студентка Института фармации им. А.П. Нелюбина

yana.syr@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-4231-5329OrobetsMargarita A.ОробецМаргарита Алексеевна
Russian Federation

student of the Institute of Pharmacy named after A.P. Nelyubin

студентка Института фармации им. А.П. Нелюбина

margaret.orobets@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-4949-7183ArtykovaRegina A.АртыковаРегина Анваровна
Russian Federation

student of the Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky

студентка Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского

Artykovara@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-1541-4439GosteevaEva A.ГостееваЕва Александровна
Russian Federation

student of the N.F. Filatov Clinical Institute of Pediatric Health

студентка Клинического института детского здоровья имени Н.Ф. Филатова

gosteeva_e_a@student.sechenov.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-1439RudenkoEkaterina E.РуденкоЕкатерина Евгеньевна
Russian Federation

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director for Research, Professor Assistant at the Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology

кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель директора по научной работе, доцент Института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии

rudenko_e_e@staff.sechenov.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7759-5378SmolyannikovaVera A.СмольянниковаВера Анатольевна
Russian Federation

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology

доктор медицинских наук, профессор Института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии

smva@bk.ruFederal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)0803202523127331408202514082025Copyright ©; 2025, Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseCopyright ©; 2025, ИД "Русский врач"2025Russkiy Vrach Publishing HouseИД "Русский врач"https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/689291

Currently, the diagnosis of early stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) is one of the most challenging tasks in dermatology. This review is devoted to the analysis of new immunohistochemical (IHC) markers that could be considered diagnostic for the detection of CTCL, as well as potential targets for targeted therapy of the disease.

The aim of this review was to determine and summarize new promising biomarkers that are not currently used for the diagnosis of early stages of CTCL.

Material and methods: the analysis and systematization of scientific literature over the past 5 years was carried out in the PubMed database using the search algorithm: “cutaneous T-cell lymphoma” AND (“immunohistochem” OR “IHC” OR “expression”).

Results. All found biomarkers were divided into 3 groups:

Tumor progression markers: OX40 и OX40L, ICOS, TOX, GATA-3, TSP-1, CD47, YKL-40, IKZF2, E-FABP, CXCR4, CD69, HSPA1A, ZFP36, TXNIP and IL7R;

Differential diagnostic markers: STAT4, YKL-40, BCL11B, CD70, hBD-2 and psoriasin;

Tumor microenvironment markers: IL-10, PD-L1, FAP-α, CD69, granzyme B, NKp46, TIM3, CD57 and LAG3.

Conclusion. The most promising marker to diagnose the early stages is YKL-40 since it can serve as both a prognostic and differential diagnostic marker.

Диагностика ранних стадий Т-клеточных лимфом кожи (ТКЛК) – одна из наиболее сложных задач дерматологии сегодня. Данный обзор посвящен анализу новых иммуногистохимических (ИГХ) маркеров, которые можно рассматривать в качестве диагностических для распознавания ТКЛК, а также потенциальным мишенями для таргетной терапии заболевания.

Целью исследования было суммировать новые перспективные биомаркеры, не используемые в настоящее время для диагностики ранних стадий ТКЛК.

Материал и методы. Анализ и систематизация научной литературы за последние 5 лет выполнен в базе данных PubMed по алгоритму поиска: «кожная Т-клеточная лимфома» И («иммуногистохимия» ИЛИ «ИГХ» ИЛИ «экспрессия»).

Результаты. Все найденные биомаркеры были разделены на 3 группы:

маркеры прогрессии опухоли OX40, OX40L, ICOS, TOX, GATA-3, TSP-1, CD47, YKL-40, IKZF2, E-FABP, CXCR4, CD69, HSPA1A, ZFP36, TXNIP и IL7R;

дифференциально-диагностические маркеры STAT4, YKL-40, BCL11B, CD70, hBD-2 и psoriasin;

маркеры микроокружения опухоли IL10, PD-L1, FAP-α, CD69, granzyme B, NKp46, TIM3, CD57 и LAG3.

Заключение. Наиболее перспективным маркером для диагностики ранних стадий является YKL-40, так как он может служить одновременно прогностическим и дифференциально-диагностическим.

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