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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Urologiia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Urologiia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Урология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2985</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9020</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">296378</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/urology.2018.4.161-169</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Methanaphylaxis of urolithiasis. Part 1. Factors for increasing incidence of urolithiasis. Current theories of renal stone formation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Метафилактика мочекаменной болезни. Часть 1. Факторы роста заболеваемости мочекаменной болезнью. Современный взгляд на механизмы камнеобразования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saenko</surname><given-names>V. S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саенко</surname><given-names>В. С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Med.Sci., Prof. at the Department of Urology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры урологии</p></bio><email>Saenko_vs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazimiev</surname><given-names>M. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газимиев</surname><given-names>М. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Med.Sci., Professor at the Department of Urology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры урологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pesegov</surname><given-names>S. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Песегов</surname><given-names>С. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Urologist at the Clinic of Urology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-уролог УКБ № 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyaev</surname><given-names>Yu. G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аляев</surname><given-names>Ю. Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Corr.-Member of the RAS, Dr.Med.Sci., Prof., Head of Department of Urology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корр. РАН, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой урологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First MSMU of Minzdrav of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO4 (2018)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№4 (2018)</issue-title><fpage>161</fpage><lpage>169</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2985/article/view/296378">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2985/article/view/296378</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Urolithiasis is one of the most actively progressing diseases, a metabolic disorder that is strongly associated with a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The first part presents current views on the factors triggering the formation of stones and the theory of stone formation. More specifically, the article discusses factors that contribute to the activation and inhibition of nucleation and aggregation of stone-forming substances.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Мочекаменная болезнь - одно из наиболее активно прогрессирующих заболеваний, являющихся болезнью обмена веществ на фоне воздействия генетических, экологических факторов и образа жизни. В первой части представлены современные взгляды на факторы инициации образования камней и теории камнеобразования. Обсуждены факторы, играющие важную роль в активации и ингибировании процессов нуклеации и агрегации камнеобразующих веществ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>theories of stone formation Authors declare no conflict of interests</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>уролитиаз</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>теории камнеобразования</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Fisang С., Anding R., Lats S., Laude N. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2015;112:83-91.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Pearle M.S. Prevention of nephrolithiasis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2001;10:203-209.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Pearle M.S., Calhoun E.A., Curhan G.C. Urologie Diseases of America Project. Urologie diseases in America project: urolithiasis. J. 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