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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Urologiia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Urologiia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Урология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-2985</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9020</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">322082</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/urology.2018.1.48-52</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">NEPHROTUBERCULOSIS AND UROLITHIASIS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>НЕФРОТУБЕРКУЛЕЗ И МОЧЕКАМЕННАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulchavenya</surname><given-names>E. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кульчавеня</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Med.Sci., Prof., Principal Researcher, Head of Department of Urology, TB Research Institute, Prof. at Department of Tuberculosis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель отдела урологии ННИИТ, профессор кафедры туберкулеза</p></bio><email>urotub@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholtobin</surname><given-names>D. P</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холтобин</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Urologist at the Urogenital Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-уролог урогенитального отделения</p></bio><email>urotub@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Brizhatyuk</surname><given-names>E. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брижатюк</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Senior Researcher at TB Research Institute, Prof. at Department of Tuberculosis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ст. науч. сотр.</p></bio><email>urotub@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tuberculosis Research Institute of Minzdrav of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Новосибирский НИИ туберкулеза» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO1 (2018)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№1 (2018)</issue-title><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-07"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2985/article/view/322082">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2985/article/view/322082</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Urolithiasis and nephrotuberculosis, due to the similarity of the radiographic patterns, share the same differential diagnosis list. The study aimed to analyze the incidence of co-occurrence of nephrotuberculosis and urolithiasis and to determine the impact of urolithiasis on the clinical course of renal tuberculosis. Material and methods. This open cohort retrospective study comprised 843 patients with renal tuberculosis and 245 patients with urolithiasis. 1088 medical records were analyzed to identify cases with co-occurrence of these two diseases and determine the clinical presentation of renal tuberculosis, urolithiasis, and the comorbid state. Also, patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (44), urogenital tuberculosis (17), and chronic nonspecific pyelonephritis (12) were tested for serum concentration of total calcium and phosphorus. Results. Of 843 patients with renal tuberculosis, 39 (4.6%), had concomitant nephrolithiasis. The combination of urolithiasis with nephrotuberculosis manifested by more severe symptoms; these patients had a more than two-fold risk of tuberculosis recurrence. Except for the incidence of renal colic and dysuria, the clinical manifestations of urolithiasis and nephrotuberculosis did not differ statistically significantly. Prolonged infectious and inflammatory process in the kidneys resulted in an increase in the excretion of oxalates, which was more pronounced in patients with nonspecific pyelonephritis (p&lt;0.05). A three-month course of antituberculosis chemotherapy resulted in a 36.2% increase in the excretion of oxalates in patients with urotuberculosis (p&lt;0.05). Excretion of uric acid also significantly increased after a three-month intake of antituberculosis drugs. Conclusion. In our study, the incidence of concomitant urolithiasis and urogenital tuberculosis was low (4.6%), but comorbidity significantly complicated the clinical course of the disease and worsened the prognosis of nephrotuberculosis. Antituberculosis polychemotherapy increases the risk for formation of urinary stones. Prevention of urolithiasis in patients with urogenital tuberculosis warrants further investigation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Введение. В силу схожести рентгенологической картины мочекаменная болезнь и нефротуберкулез стоят в одном дифференциально-диагностическом ряду. Цель исследования: проанализировать частоту коморбидности нефротуберкулеза и уролитиаза, определить влияние мочекаменной болезни на клиническое течение туберкулеза почек. Материалы и методы. В открытое когортное ретроспективное исследование включены 843 больных туберкулезом почек и 245 - мочекаменной болезнью. 1088 историй болезни проанализировали с целью выявления сочетания этих двух заболеваний и определения клинической картины туберкулеза почек, мочекаменной болезни и коморбидного состояния. Также определяли концентрацию общего кальция и фосфора в сыворотке крови больных туберкулезом легких (44 человека), урогенитальным туберкулезом (17) и пациентов с хроническим неспецифическим пиелонефритом (12). Результаты. Из 843 больных туберкулезом почек у 39 (4,6%) заболевание сочеталось с нефролитиазом. Сочетание мочекаменной болезни с нефротуберкулезом проявлялось более выраженной симптоматикой, вероятность рецидива туберкулеза у таких пациентов повышалась более чем в 2 раза. За исключением частоты почечной колики и дизурии клинические проявления мочекаменной болезни и нефротуберкулеза статистически значимо не различались. Длительный инфекционно-воспалительный процесс в почках приводил к повышению экскреции оксалатов, более выражено - при неспецифическом пиелонефрите (р&lt;0,05). Трехмесячный курс противотуберкулезной химиотерапии способствовал увеличению экскреции оксалатов у больных уротуберкулезом на 36,2% (р&lt;0,05). Экскреция мочевой кислоты также достоверно увеличилась через 3 мес. приема противотуберкулезных препаратов. Заключение. В нашем исследовании частота сочетанного заболевания мочекаменной болезнью и урогенитальным туберкулезом была невысокой (4,6%), однако коморбидность существенно осложняла течение и ухудшала прогноз нефротуберкулеза. Противотуберкулезная полихимиотерапия создает дополнительные предпосылки к формированию конкрементов в мочевыводящих путях; вопросы профилактики уролитиаза у больных урогенитальным туберкулезом требуют дальнейшего изучения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urogenital tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>nephrotuberculosis</kwd><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>clinical presentation</kwd><kwd>features</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>урогенитальный туберкулез</kwd><kwd>нефротуберкулез</kwd><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>уролитиаз</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>клиническая картина</kwd><kwd>особенности</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Pak C.Y. Kidney stones. Lancet. 1998;351:1797-1801.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Kozak L.J., Hall M.J., Owings M.F. 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