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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pis'mennye pamiatniki Vostoka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pis'mennye pamiatniki Vostoka</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Письменные памятники Востока</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1811-8062</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">707233</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55512/WMO707233</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research works</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The semantic field of “immortality” in the literature of the Tamil Siddhas: a diachronic lexical analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Семантическое поле «бессмертия» в литературе тамильских сиддхов: диахронный лексический анализ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-790X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tanonova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Танонова</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Philology), Research Fellow, Scientific Secretary</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат филологических наук, научный сотрудник, ученый секретарь</p></bio><email>etanona@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Oriental Manuscripts RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт восточных рукописей РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-05-06"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Tanonova E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Танонова Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tanonova E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Танонова Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1811-8062/article/view/707233">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1811-8062/article/view/707233</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article offers a cross-corpus lexical analysis of the semantic field of “immortality” in the literature of the Tamil siddhas. The material consists of a corpus of approximately 180 terms drawn from four corpora: Tirumular’s <italic>Tirumantiram</italic>, the texts of the kāya-siddhas, the poetry of the jñāna-siddhas, and the works of Ramalinga Swamigal. The article asks whether “immortality” functions in these texts as a single concept, or whether one translated label conceals several irreducible semantic configurations. Two analytical tools are employed: a functional typology of the lexicon (methods, substances, processes, results) and a diachronic analysis of semantic shifts as terms move from one corpus to another. The analysis shows that there is no single concept of immortality in this material. Instead, four distinct registers can be identified: the negation of death, the overcoming of time, bodily incorruptibility, and dissolution into light. The central lexical cluster of “body/form” reveals four mutually incompatible regimes: the body as temple, the body as laboratory, the body as abject matter, and the body as light. The functional typology shows that the corpora are not organized in the same way: the jñāna-siddhas are, in many respects, structured as a mirror opposite of the kāya-siddhas, while the <italic>Tirumantiram</italic> combines two different types of outcome. This makes it possible to treat the “siddha tradition” not as a single historically continuous whole, but as a later construction sustained by three mechanisms: the reinterpretation of older terms, the retrospective construction of genealogy, and lexical inversion. The analysis also identifies 22 verified anti-bodily lexemes from the poetry of Pattinattar and Pattirakiriyar, the systematic publication of which is envisaged as a separate study.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена сквозному лексическому анализу семантического поля «бессмертия» в литературе тамильских сиддхов. Материал исследования составляет массив примерно из 180 терминов, извлеченных из четырех групп текстов: «Тирумантирам» (<italic>Tirumantiram</italic>) Тирумулара, текстов кая-сиддхов, поэзии джняна-сиддхов и сочинений Рамалинги Свамигала, охватывающих по меньшей мере десять столетий (ориентировочно X–XIX вв.). Цель статьи — проверить, является ли «бессмертие» в этих текстах единым концептом или же за одним переводным словом скрываются несколько несводимых семантических конфигураций. В работе применены два аналитических инструмента: функциональная типология лексики (методы, субстанции, процессы, результаты) и диахронный анализ семантических сдвигов при переходе термина из одного корпуса в другой. Анализ показывает, что единого понятия бессмертия в рассматриваемом материале нет: вместо него выделяются четыре регистра — отрицание смерти, преодоление времени, телесная нетленность и растворение в свете. Центральный для всего поля кластер «тело/форма» обнаруживает четыре взаимоисключающих режима: тело-храм, тело-лаборатория, тело-мерзость и тело-свет. Функциональная типология показывает, что корпуса устроены не одинаково: поэзия джняна-сиддхов во многом строится как зеркальная противоположность текстам кая-сиддхов, тогда как «Тирумантирам» соединяет в себе два разных типа результата. Это позволяет рассматривать «традицию сиддхов» не как единое исторически сложившееся целое, а как позднюю конструкцию, поддерживаемую тремя механизмами: переосмыслением старых терминов, ретроспективным выстраиванием генеалогии и лексической инверсией. В ходе анализа выявлены 22 верифицированные лексемы антителесной группы из поэзии джняна-сиддхов Паттинаттара и Паттиракирияра, систематическая публикация которых составляет задачу отдельного исследования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Tamil siddhas</kwd><kwd>Pattinattar</kwd><kwd>Tirumantiram</kwd><kwd>Ramalinga</kwd><kwd>immortality</kwd><kwd>body</kwd><kwd>lexical analysis</kwd><kwd>semantic field</kwd><kwd>anti-bodily lexicon</kwd><kwd>Tamil siddha poetry</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тамильские сиддхи</kwd><kwd>Паттинаттар</kwd><kwd>«Тирумантирам»</kwd><kwd>Рамалинга</kwd><kwd>бессмертие</kwd><kwd>тело</kwd><kwd>лексический анализ</kwd><kwd>семантическое поле</kwd><kwd>антителесная лексика</kwd><kwd>тамильская сиддха-поэзия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asad, Talal. 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