<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="data-paper" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik of Samara State Technical University. Technical Sciences Series</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik of Samara State Technical University. Technical Sciences Series</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Самарского государственного технического университета. Серия «Технические науки»</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1991-8542</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8938</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Samara State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">625747</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14498/tech.2023.3.6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Energy and Electrical Engineering</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Энергетика и электротехника</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Scientific Report</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Influence of nano-oil preparation conditions on its electrical strength</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние условий подготовки наномасла на его электрическую прочность</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Loskutov</surname><given-names>Viktor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоскутов</surname><given-names>Виктор Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>blackline05@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopenko</surname><given-names>Yakov G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопенко</surname><given-names>Яков Геннадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><email>ridel@corp.nstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rydel</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ридель</surname><given-names>Александр Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>(Ph.D. (Techn.)), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент</p></bio><email>ridel@corp.nstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goreva</surname><given-names>Ludmila P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горева</surname><given-names>Людмила Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>(Ph.D. (Techn.)), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент</p></bio><email>goreva@corp.nstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Technical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный технический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Loskutov V.A., Prokopenko Y.G., Rydel A.V., Goreva L.P.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Лоскутов В.А., Прокопенко Я.Г., Ридель А.В., Горева Л.П.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Loskutov V.A., Prokopenko Y.G., Rydel A.V., Goreva L.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лоскутов В.А., Прокопенко Я.Г., Ридель А.В., Горева Л.П.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/1991-8542/article/view/625747">https://journals.eco-vector.com/1991-8542/article/view/625747</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study presents the results of experiments aimed at determining the breakdown voltage of liquids containing carbon nanotubes and other microinclusions<bold>;</bold> which were dispersed in mineral insulating oil used in electrical transformers. The liquid was obtained by various methods with the mandatory use of ultrasonic dispersant. The electrical strength of the carbon nanotube-based nano-oil was found to be significantly less than the electrical strength of the zinc and titanium nano-oxide-based nano-oil. At low concentrations the values of electrical strength approximately correspond to the values of electrical strength of pure liquid<bold>;</bold> but with increasing concentration the electrical strength of all nanofluids decreases. It is shown that the nanofluid preparation technology has a strong influence on its breakdown voltage.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлены результаты экспериментов<bold>,</bold> направленных на определение пробивного напряжения жидкостей<bold>,</bold> содержащих углеродные нанотрубки и другие микровключения<bold>,</bold> которые были диспергированы в минеральном изоляционном масле<bold>,</bold> используемом в электрических трансформаторах. Жидкость получали различными способами с обязательным использованием ультразвукового диспергатора. Электрическая прочность наномасла на основе углеродных нанотрубок оказалась значительно меньше электрической прочности наномасла на основе нанооксидов цинка и титана. При малых концентрациях значения электрической прочности примерно соответствуют значениям электрической прочности чистой жидкости<bold>,</bold> однако с ростом концентрации электрическая прочность всех наножидкостей уменьшается. Показано<bold>,</bold> что технология приготовления наножидкости оказывает сильное влияние на ее напряжение пробоя.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Transformer oil</kwd><kwd>transformer</kwd><kwd>electrical strength</kwd><kwd>dispersion</kwd><kwd>carbon nanotubes</kwd><kwd>titanium nanooxide</kwd><kwd>zinc nanooxide</kwd><kwd>microinclusions</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансформаторное масло</kwd><kwd>трансформатор</kwd><kwd>электрическая прочность</kwd><kwd>диспергирование</kwd><kwd>углеродные нанотрубки</kwd><kwd>нанооксид титана</kwd><kwd>нанооксид цинка</kwd><kwd>микровключения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Potao S., Wenxia S., Dingfei Z., Qiulin C., Lian Y., Jiaqi C. Effects of impulse waveform parameters on the breakdown characteristics of nano-TiO2 modified transformer oil // IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2018. Vol. 25. No. 5. Pр. 1651–1659.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Gaurav S., Hemantkumar A. Thermal conductivity enhancement of transformer oil using functionalized nanodiamonds // IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2015. Vol. 22. No. 4. Pр. 2185–2190.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Abid M.A., Khan I., Ullah Z., Ullah K., Haider A., Ali S.M. Dielectric and Thermal Performance Up-Gradation of Transformer Oil Using Valuable NanoParticles // IEEE Access. 2019. Vol. 7. Pр. 153509–153518.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Swati K., Sarathi R., Yadav K.S., Taylor N., Edin H. Corona discharge activity in nanoparticle dispersed transformer oil S. K. under composite voltages // IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2018. Vol. 25. No. 5. Pр. 1731–1738.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Potao S., Wenxia S., Xiongwei J., Dingfei Z., Jiahui H., Qiulin C. Failure of nano-modified oil impregnated paper under repeated impulse voltage: Effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on space charge characteristics // IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2018. Vol. 25. No. 8. Pр. 2103–2111.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Dhar P., Katiyar A., Maganti L.S., Pattamatta A., Das S. Superior dielectric breakdown strength of graphene and carbon nanotube infused nano-oils // IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2016. Vol. 23. No. 2. Pр. 943–956.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Yuzhen L., Chengrong L. A Review on Properties, Opportunities, and Challenges of Transformer Oil-Based Nanofluids Muhammad Rafiq // Journal of Nanomaterial. 2016. Vol. 2016. Pp. 23–47.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GOST 6581-75 Materialy elektroizolyacionnye zhidkie. Metody elektricheskih ispytanij [Electrically insulating liquid materials. Methods of electrical tests]. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГОСТ 6581-75 Материалы электроизоляционные жидкие. Методы электрических испытаний.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Bartley W.H. Investigating transformer failure // In Proceedings of the 5th Weidmann-ACTI Annual Technical Conference on New Diagnostic Concepts for Better Asset Management, 2006. Pр. 1–14. http://www.sciepub.com/reference/179122 (accessed October 10, 2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Rafiq M. Sustainable, Renewable and Environmental-Friendly Insulation Systems for High Voltages Applications // Transformer Life Extension. 2020. Vol. 25. Pр. 36–41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503315/ (accessed October 10, 2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Chiesa M., Das K. Experimental investigation of the dielectric and cooling performance of colloidal suspensions in insulating media // Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2009. Vol. 335. Pр. 88–97. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0927775708007322 (accessed October 10, 2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Rouse T.O. Mineral insulating oil in transformers // IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, 1998. Vol. 14. Pр. 6–16. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/675572 (accessed October 10, 2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudyak V.Ya., Minakova A.V., Pryazhnikov M.I., Guzey D.V. Izmerenie teploprovodnosti i koefficienta teplootdachi nanozhdikostej s odnostennymi nanotrubkami [Measurement of thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient of nanozhdiches with single-walled nanotubes] // Thermophysics of high temperatures. 2022. No. 5. Pр. 692–700. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудяк В.Я., Минакова А.В., Пряжников М.И., Гузей Д.В. Измерение теплопроводности и коэффициента теплоотдачи наножидкостей с одностенными нанотрубками // Теплофизика высоких температур. 2022. № 5. С. 692–700.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Choi S., Eastman J.A. Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids With Nanoparticles // ASME, International Mechanical Engineering Congress &amp; Exposition, San Francisco, CA, 1995.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Du Y., Lv Y., Li C., Chen M., Zhong Y., Zhou J. Effect of semiconductive nanoparticles on insulating performances of transformer oil // IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 2012. Pр. 770–776.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Lee J., Kim W. Experimental study of dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oil mixed with magnetic nanoparticles // Phys. Procedia. 2012. Vol. 32. Pр. 327–334.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Nemati A. Recent Advances in Nanofluids Based on Transformer Oil: Preparation and Electrical Insulation Properties // IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2021. Vol. 28. Pp. 702–711. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6882597 (accessed October 10, 2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Bonnemann H. Monodisperse copper and silver-nanocolloids suitable for heat-conductive fluids // Appl. Organomet. Chem. 2005. Vol. 19. Pр. 768–773. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aoc.889 (accessed October 10, 2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Yu W., Xie H.Q. A review on nanofluids: Preparation, stability mechanisms, and applications // Journal of Nanomaterial. 2011. Vol. 2012. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2012/435873/ (accessed October 10, 2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rzhevskaya S.P. Elektricheskie materialy. Dielektriki [Electrical Materials. Dielectrics]. Minsk: BITU, 2009. 142 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ржевская С.П. Электрические материалы. Диэлектрики. Минск: БИТУ, 2009. 142 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolaev M.Yu., Malgin G.V., Shchekochikhin A.V., Shkaruba M.V. Elektrotekhnicheskie i konstrukcionnye materialy [Electrotechnical and structural materials]. Nizhnevartovsk: NVGU, 2022. 167 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николаев М.Ю., Мальгин Г.В., Щекочихин А.В., Шкаруба М.В. Электротехнические и конструкционные материалы. Нижневартовск: НВГУ, 2022. 167 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vorobyev G.A. Dielektricheskie svojstva elektroizolyacionnyh materialov [Dielectric properties of electrical insulating materials]. Tomsk: Tomsk University Publishing House, 1984. Pр. 69–73. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воробьев Г.А. Диэлектрические свойства электроизоляционных материалов. Томск: Томск. ун-т, 1984. С. 69–73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GOST P 56738-2015 Transformatory silovye. Trebovaniya i metody ispytaniya elektricheskoj prochnosti [Power transformers. Requirements and test methods for electrical strength]. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГОСТ Р 56738-2015 Трансформаторы силовые. Требования и методы испытания электрической прочности.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barbashova G.A., Shomko V.В. Vliyanie ciklichnosti vvoda elektricheskoj energii v kanal podvodnogo iskrovogo razryada [Influence of the electric energy input cycling into the underwater spark discharge channel] // Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry. 2007. Vol. 43. № 2. Pр. 43–49. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барбашова Г.А., Шомко В.В. Влияние цикличности ввода электрической энергии в канал подводного искрового разряда // Инженерия поверхности и прикладная электрохимия. 2007. Т. 43. № 2. C. 43–49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hrennikov A.Yu., Batyaev R.Yu., Mazhurin Yu.V. Avarijnost' vysokovol'tnyh izmeritel'nyh transformatorov toka i napryazheniya v elektricheskih setyah 110-750 kV i meropriyatiya po eyo snizheniyu [Accident rate of the high-voltage measuring current and voltage transformers in the 110-750 kV electrical networks and measures to reduce it] // Elektro. Elektronika, Elektroenergetika, Elektrotechnical Industry. 2011. No. 6. Pр. 44–46 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хренников А.Ю., Батяев Р.Ю., Мажурин Ю.В. Аварийность высоковольтных измерительных трансформаторов тока и напряжения в электрических сетях 110–750 кВ и мероприятия по ее снижению // Электро. Электроника, электроэнергетика, электротехническая промышленность. 2011. № 6. С. 44–46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kizevetov D.V., Reznik A.S., Zhuravleva N.M., Litvinov D.V. Vliyanie koncentracii komponentov smesi dielektricheskih zhidkostej dlya silovyh transformatorov na elektricheskoe soprotivlenie i opticheskie harakteristiki [Influence of dielectric fluid mixture components concentration for power transformers on electrical resistance and optical characteristics] // Global Energy. 2020. No. 3. Pр. 5–19. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кизеветов Д.В., Резник А.С., Журавлева Н.М., Литвинов Д.В. Влияние концентрации компонентов смеси диэлектрических жидкостей для силовых трансформаторов на электрическое сопротивление и оптические характеристики // Глобальная энергия. 2020. № 3. С. 5–19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
