Pelvic floor prolapse and connective tissue dysplasia: literature review, general possibilities of conservative correction

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Abstract

Background. One of the urgent problems in women of reproductive age is pelvic floor diseases (PFD), leading to deterioration of not only physiological and psychoemotional, but also social life of women of any age and status. Recent studies of causal relationships show the versatility of pathological processes of connective tissue (CT), which cannot be corrected only by surgery. The review presents evidence of the relationship between dysplastic processes, their hereditary predisposition to pelvic organ prolapse, as well as options for conservative treatment methods and their effectiveness in aesthetic gynecology. In our opinion, this can serve as a recommendation for doctors to select correction methods and choose further tactics for patient management.

Conclusions. Taking into account the latest research in medicine, the pathology of pelvic floor CT covers a range of conditions associated with abnormalities in the genes of collagen, elastin and matrix proteins, combining them into undifferentiated dysplasia of connective tissue with a hereditary predisposition. However, genomic markers require further study. The introduction of various physiotherapy methods along with subsequent imitation of pelvic floor models as an assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment is becoming increasingly relevant in clinical practice. In this case, modelling can be used to correct conservative treatment with exercises as a first-line therapy, and in women with advanced cases as a recommendation for prevention and monitoring of the dynamics of invasive treatment.

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About the authors

E. I. Shershakova

National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology n.a. Academician V.I. Kulakov

Author for correspondence.
Email: dr.cathynioca@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-9866-4185

Resident

Russian Federation, Moscow

I. A. Apolikhina

National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology n.a. Academician V.I. Kulakov; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology of the Institute of Professional Education

Email: dr.cathynioca@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4581-6295
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

A. O. Buturlina

Russian University of Medicine

Email: dr.cathynioca@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-4789-1487
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. S. Saidova

National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology n.a. Academician V.I. Kulakov

Email: dr.cathynioca@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

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