<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmateca</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pharmateca</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фарматека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-4034</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9128</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">278424</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN MEN WITH LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ЭРЕКТИЛЬНАЯ ДИСФУНКЦИЯ У МУЖЧИН С СИМПТОМАМИ НИЖНИХ МОЧЕВЫХ ПУТЕЙ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Darenkov</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hamidov</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tazhetdinov</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tkhagapsoeva</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pavlovichev</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Darenkov</surname><given-names>Sergey Petrovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даренков</surname><given-names>Сергей Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра урологии ГОУ ВПО РГМУ Росздрава, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamidov</surname><given-names>Safail ogly</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамидов</surname><given-names>Сафаил оглы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра урологии ГОУ ВПО "РГМУ Росздрава", МоскваКафедра акушерства, гинекологии, перинатологии и репродуктологии с курсом клинической андрологии ГОУ ВПО "ММА им. И.М.Сеченова Росздрава", Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>Ruslan Igorevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>Руслан Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра урологии ГОУ ВПО РГМУ Росздрава, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tazhetdinov</surname><given-names>Oleg Khalitovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тажетдинов</surname><given-names>Олег Халитович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра урологии ГОУ ВПО РГМУ Росздрава, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkhagapsoeva</surname><given-names>Regina Amirbekovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тхагапсоева</surname><given-names>Регина Амирбековна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра урологии ГОУ ВПО РГМУ Росздрава, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlovichev</surname><given-names>Aleksey Aleksandrovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павловичев</surname><given-names>Алексей Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра урологии ГОУ ВПО РГМУ Росздрава, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution></institution></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кафедра урологии ГОУ ВПО РГМУ Росздрава, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кафедра урологии ГОУ ВПО "РГМУ Росздрава", МоскваКафедра акушерства, гинекологии, перинатологии и репродуктологии с курсом клинической андрологии ГОУ ВПО "ММА им. И.М.Сеченова Росздрава", Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2010-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO9 (2010)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№9 (2010)</issue-title><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-23"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2010, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2010, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/article/view/278424">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/article/view/278424</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The prevalence of both erectile dysfunction (ED) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men older than 40 years is high and tends to increase. In recent years, there were more evidence for origin and/or progression of ED in connection with the presence and severity of LUTS in men. There are several hypotheses for the relationship of ED with LUTS. The major prerequisite for the study of the relationship of ED and LUTS are data for the positive effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on LUTS. The importance of advanced study of this problem is emphasized. It is highly relevant for understanding the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of ED in men with LUTS.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Распространенность как эректильной дисфункции (ЭД), так и симптомов нижних мочевых путей (СНМП) у мужчин старше 40 лет высока и имеет тенденцию к росту. В последние годы стало появляться все больше данных, свидетельствующих о возникновении и/или прогрессировании ЭД в связи с наличием и выраженностью у мужчин СНМП. По вопросу взаимосвязи ЭД с СНМП существует несколько гипотез. Серьезной предпосылкой для изучения взаимосвязи ЭД и СНМП стали данные о положительном эффекте ингибиторов фосфодиэстеразы типа 5 на СНМП. Подчеркивается важность углубленного изучение данной проблемы, что является весьма актуальным для понимания этиологии, патогенеза, диагностики и лечения ЭД у мужчин с СНМП.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>erectile dysfunction</kwd><kwd>lower urinary tract symptoms</kwd><kwd>phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эректильная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>симптомы нижних мочевых путей</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы фосфодиэстеразы типа 5</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>NIH Consensus Conference: Impotence: NIH Consensus Development Panel on Impotence. JAMA 1993;270:83-90.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Rosen R, Altwein J, Boyle P, et al. Lower urinary tract symptoms and male sexual dysfunction: the multinational survey of the aging male (MSAM-7). Eur Urol 2003;44 (6):637-49.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Johannes CB, Araujo AB, Feldman HA, et al. Incidence of erectile dysfunction in men 40 to 69 years old: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts male aging study. J Urol 2000;163 (2):460-63.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Burnett AL. Metabolic syndrome, endothelial dysfunction, and erectile dysfunction: association and management . Current Urology Reports 2005;6:470-75.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Irwin DE, Milsom I, Hunskaar S, et al. Population-Based Survey of Urinary Incontinence, Overactive Bladder, and Other Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Five Countries: Results of the EPIC Study, 04 October 2006 Eur Urol 2006;50(6):1306-15.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, et al. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn 2002;21:167-78.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Kirby RS, Roenhborn C, Boyle P, et al. Prospective European doxazosin and combination therapy study investigators. Efficasy and tolerability of doxazosin and finasteride, alone or in combination, in treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: The Prospective European Doxazosin and Combination Therapy (PREDICT) trial. Urol 2003;61:119-26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Abrams P, Artibani W, Cardozo L, et al. Reviewing the ICS 2002 Terminology Report: The ongoing debate. Neurourol Urodyn 2006; 5:293.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Abdel-Aziz KF, Lemack GE. Overactive bladder in the male patient: bladder, outlet, or both? Curr Urol Rep 2002;3:445-51.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Chapple CR, Roehrborn CG. A shifted paradigm for the further understanding, evaluation, and treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men: focus on the bladder. Eur Urol 2006;49:651-59.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Braun MN, Sommer F, Haupt G, et al. Lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction: Co-morbidity or typical "aging-male" symptoms? Results of the "Cologne Male Survey". Eur Urol 2003;44:588-94.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Glina S, Santana AW, Azank F, et al. Lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction are highly prevalent in ageing men. BJU Int 2006;97:763-65.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Li MK, Garsia LA, Rosen R. Lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual dysfunction in Asia: A survey of ageing men from five Asian countries. BJU Int 2005;96:1339-54.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Martin-Morales A, Sanchez-Cruz JJ, Saenz de Tejada I, et al. Prevalence and independent risk-factors for erectile dysfunction in Spain: Results of the Epidemiologia de la Disfuncion Erectil Masculina Study. J Urol 2001;166:569-74; discussion 574-65.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Boyle P, Robertson C, Mazetta C, et al. The association between lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction in four centers: The UrEpic study. BJU Int 2003;92:719-25.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Aslan G, Cavus E, Karas H, et al. Association between lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction. Arch Androl 2006;52:155-62.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Elliot SP, Gulati M, Spitalny GM, et al. Obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms correlate with erectile dysfunction. Urol 2004;63:1148-52.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Frankel SJ, Donovan JL, Peters TI, et al. Sexual dysfunction in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. J Clin Epidemiol 1998;51:677-85.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Ponholzer A, Temml C, Obermayr R, et al. Association between lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction. Urol 2004;64:772-76.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Hansen BL. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual dysfunction in both sexes. Eur Urol 2004;46:229-34.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Costabile RA, Steers WD. How can we best characterize the relationship between erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia? J Sex Med 2006;3:676-81.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Marionneau N, Perrin P, Тaieb C. Lower urinary tract symptoms are poorly correlated with erectile dysfunction. Prog Urol 2006;16(5):572-77.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Ponholzer A, Temml C, Wehrberger C, et al. The аssociation between LUTS and vascular risk factors in both sexes. Eur Urol 2006;50:581-86.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Leliefeld HH, Stoevelaar HJ, McDonnel J. Sexual function before and after various treatments for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int 2002;89:208-13.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Uckert S, Ku the A, Jonas U, et al. Characterization and functional relevance of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase isoenzymes of the human prostate. J Urol 2001;166:2484-90.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Filippi S, Morelli A, Sandner P, et al. Characterization and functional role of an androgen-dependent PDE5 activity in the bladder. Endocrinology 2007;148:1019-29.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Tinel H, Stelte-Ludwig B, Hutter J, et al. Pre-clinical evidence for the use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms. BJU Int 2006;98:1259-63.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Guh JH, Hwang TL, Ko FN, et al. Antiproliferative effect in human prostatic smooth muscle cells by nitric oxide donor. Mol Pharmacol 1998;53:467-74.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Гамидов С.И., Щербаков Д.В. Влияние метаболического синдрома на функциональное состояние эндотелия у больных органической эректильной дисфункцией // Андрология и генитальная хирургия. 2009. № 2. С. 78.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Hammarsten J, Hogstedt B. Clinical, anthropometric, metabolic and insulin profile of men with fast annual growth rates of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Blood Press 1999;8:29-36.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Meigs JB, Mohr B, Barry MJ, et al. Risk factors for clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia in a community- based population of healthy aging men. J Clin Epidemiol 2001;54:935-44.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>McVary KT, Razzaq A, Lee C, et al. Growth of the rat prostate gland is facilitated by the autonomic nervous system. Biol Reprod 1994;51:99-107.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>McVary KT, Rademaker A, Lloyd GL, Gann P. Autonomic nervous system overactivity in men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 2005;174:1327-433.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Holmquist F, Andersson KE, Hedlund H. Actions of endothelin on isolated corpus cavernosum from rabbit and man. Acta Physiol Scand 1990;139:113-22.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Azadzoi KM, Kim N, Brown ML, et al. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase products modulate corpus cavernosum smooth muscle tone. J Urol 1992;147:220-25.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Lue TF. Physiology of penile erection and pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction and priapism. In: Wein PC, editor. Campbell's Urology. 8th ed. Philadelphia PA: Saunders 2002:187-90.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Uckert S, Sormes M, Kedia G, et al. Effects of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on tension induced by norepinephrine and accumulation of cyclic nucleotides in isolated human prostatic tissue. Urology 2008;71:526-30.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Rees RW, Ziessen T, Ralph DJ, et al. Human and rabbit cavernosal smooth muscle cells express Rho-kinase. Int J Impot Res 2002;14:1-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Wang H, Eto M, Steer WD, et al. RhoA-mediated Ca2+ sensitization in erectile function. J Biol Chem 2002;277:306-14.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Somlyo AP, Somlyo AV. Signal transduction by G-proteins, rho-kinase and protein phosphatase to smooth muscle and non-muscle myosin II. J Physiol 2000;522(Pt 2):177.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Wingard CJ, Husain S, Williams J, et al. RhoA-Rho-kinase mediates synergistic ET-1 and phenylephrine contraction of the rat corpus cavernosum. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2003;285:1145-52.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Chang S, Hypolite JA, Zderic SA, et al. Enhanced force generation by corpus cavernosum smooth muscle in rabbits with partial bladder outlet obstruction. J Urol 2002;167:2636-44.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Bing W, Chang S, Hypolite JA, et al. Obstruction-induced changes in urinary bladder smooth muscle contractility: a role for Rho kinase. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2003;285: F990-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Rajasekaran M, White S, Baquir A, et al. Rho-kinase inhibition improves erectile function in aging male Brown-Norway rats. J Androl 2005;26:182-88.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Tarcan T, Azadzoi KM, Siroky MB, et al. Age related erectile and voiding dysfunction: the role of arterial insufficiency. Brit J of Urol 1998;82:26-33.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Sairam K, Kulinskaya E, McNicholas TA, Boustead GB, Hanbury DC. Sildenafil improves lower urinary tract symptoms. BJU Int 2002;90:836-39.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Mulhall JP, Guhring P, Parker M, et al. Assessment of the impact of sildenafil citrate on lower urinary tract symptoms in men with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2006;3:662-67.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>McVary KT, Monnig W, Camps JL, et al. Sildenafil citrate improves erectile function and urinary symptoms in men with erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, double-blind trial. J Urol 2007;177:1071-77.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Stief CG, Porst H, Neuser D, Beneke M, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy of twice-daily vardenafil in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol 2008;53:1236-44.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><mixed-citation>McVary KT, Roehrborn CG, Kaminetsky JC, et al. Tadalafil relieves lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 2007;177:1401-07.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><mixed-citation>Roehrborn CG, McVary KT, Elion-Mboussa A, et al. Tadalafil administered once daily for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a dose finding study. J Urol 2008;180:1228-34.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B52"><label>52.</label><mixed-citation>Gacci M, Del Populo G, Macchiarella A, et al. Vardenafil improves urodynamic parameters in men with spinal cord injury: results from a single dose, pilot study. J Urol 2007;178:2040-43.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B53"><label>53.</label><mixed-citation>Klotz T, Mathers MJ, Bloch W, et al. Nitric oxide based influence of nitrates on micturition in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Int Urol Nephrol 1999;31:335-41.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B54"><label>54.</label><mixed-citation>Mondul AM, Rimm EB, Giovannucci E, et al. A Prospective Study of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Erectile Dysfunction. J Urol 2008;179(6):2321-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B55"><label>55.</label><mixed-citation>Kumar R, Nehra A, Jacobson DJ, et al. α-Blocker Use Is Associated With Decreased Risk of Sexual Dysfunction. Urol 2009;74(1):82-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B56"><label>56.</label><mixed-citation>Efesoy O, Cayan S, Akbay E, et al. The effect of alpha blocker therapy on sexual functions in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized prospective comparative study. J Sex Med 2009;6(Suppl. 2):45-193.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B57"><label>57.</label><mixed-citation>UA Practice Guideline Committee. AUA Guideline on management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (2003). Chapter 1: Diagnosis and treatment recommendations. J Urol 2003;170:530-47.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B58"><label>58.</label><mixed-citation>Kloner RA, Jackson G, Emmick JT, et al. Interaction between the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, tadalafil and 2 alpha-blockers, doxazosin and tamsulosin in healthy normotensive men. J Urol 2004;172:1935-40.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B59"><label>59.</label><mixed-citation>Giuliano F, Kaplan SA, Cabanis M-J, et al. Hemodynamic interaction study between the alpha1-blocker alfuzosin and the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor tadalafil in middle-aged healthy male subjects. Urology 2006;67(6):1199-204.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B60"><label>60.</label><mixed-citation>Lowe FC, McConnell JD, Hudson PB, et al. Finasteride Study Group. Long-term 6-year experience with finasteride in patients with BPH. Urology 2003;61:791-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B61"><label>61.</label><mixed-citation>Wilton L, Pearce G, Edet E, et al. The safety of finasteride used in benign prostatic hypertrophy: A non-interventional observational cohort study in 14,722 patients. BJU Int 1996;78:379-84.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B62"><label>62.</label><mixed-citation>Nickel JC, Fradet Y, Boake RC, et al. Efficacy and safety of finasteride therapy for BPH: Results of a 2-year randomized controlled trial ( the PROSPECT study). Can Med Assoc J 1994;155:1251-59.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B63"><label>63.</label><mixed-citation>Stoner E. Three-year safety and efficacy data on the use of finasteride in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1994;43:284-92.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B64"><label>64.</label><mixed-citation>McConnel JD, Roehrborn CG, Bautista OM, et al. The long-term effect of doxazosin, finasteride, and combination therapy on the clinical progression of BPH. N Engl J Med 2003;349:2387-98.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
