Cerebrovascular diseases are one of the main causes of mortality and disability of patients. According to statistical data, mortality from cerebrovascular diseases reaches 11-12% in economically developed countries. Rheological and biochemical characteristics of the blood have a critically importance in the development of cerebrovascular pathology, since microcirculation disorders are often detected with an increase in the functional activity of platelets, blood viscosity, latent signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation. One of the risk factors for cerebrovascular disease is the activation of the vascular-platelet phase of hemostasis and the violation of the rheological properties of the blood - an increase in blood clotting ability, which can lead to dangerous consequences for the human body, thrombosis. In this regard, in order to prevent the activation of intravascular thrombosis, the use of antiplatelet agents is pathogenetically justified. Antiplatelets are a complex and very important class o drugs that requires special attention both in the choice of a particular agent and in the period of its use. Dipyridamole refers to pyrimidine derivatives, it is an effective antiplatelet drug with vasodilating properties. A complex mechanism of action of dipyridamole due to its antiaggregatory properties due to the inhibition of the reactivity of the platelets, the drug improves microcirculation by reducing platelets aggregation and increasing their deformability, angioprotective properties - enhances the synthesis of endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis.. Dipyridamole also has vasodilating effect, it is important to note selectively directed vasodilatory effect on small vessels due to inhibition of the capture of adenosine and the suppression of the production of phosphodiesterase.