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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmateca</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pharmateca</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фарматека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-4034</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9128</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">297599</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/pharmateca.2019.5.47-60</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Antibiotics and community-acquired low respiratory tract infections. Who for? What preparation?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Антибиотики и внебольничные инфекции нижних дыхательных путей. Кому? Какой?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinopalnikov</surname><given-names>Alexander I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синопальников</surname><given-names>А. И</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>aisyn@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 26, NO5 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 26, №5 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-28"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/article/view/297599">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/article/view/297599</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents clinical recommendations on the use of optimal empirical antibiotic therapy for patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), based on the relevant evidence base and adapted to a particular region with regard to knowledge of the structure of local antibiotic resistance of key pneumotropic pathogens. In this context, along with the delineation of the key diagnostic and differential diagnostic signs of LRTI, the main task of the recommendations is the introduction of rational use of antibiotics into routine clinical practice, namely, the rejection of their use in viral/presumably viral infections of the respiratory tract, and non-use of less effective ones where antimicrobial therapy is indicated.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлены клинические рекомендации по применению оптимальной эмпирической антибактериальной терапии больных инфекциями нижних дыхательных путей (ИНДП), основанные на соответствующей доказательной базе и адаптированные к тому или иному региону с учетом знания структуры локальной антибиотикорезистентности ключевых пневмотропных возбудителей. В этом контексте главной задачей рекомендаций наряду с очерчиванием ключевых диагностических и дифференциально-диагностических признаков ИНДП становится и внедрение в повседневную клиническую практику рационального применения антибиотиков, а именно отказ от их назначения при вирусных/предположительно вирусных инфекций дыхательных путей и удержание от использования менее эффективных из них там, где антибактериальная терапия показана.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>community-acquired respiratory infections</kwd><kwd>acute bronchitis</kwd><kwd>community-acquired pneumonia</kwd><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>antibiotic therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внебольничные инфекции дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>острый бронхит</kwd><kwd>внебольничная пневмония</kwd><kwd>хроническая обструк-тивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>антибиотикотерапия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Lozano R., Naghavi M., Foreman K., et al. 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