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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmateca</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pharmateca</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фарматека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-4034</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9128</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">693734</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/pharmateca.2025.7.48-55</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Smoker’s cough in adolescents: pathogenesis, clinical features and use of butamirate</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Кашель курильщика у подростков: патогенез, клинические особенности и применение бутамирата</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0058-3803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshenichnikova</surname><given-names>Irina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшеничникова</surname><given-names>Ирина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Pediatric Cardiologist, Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical Hospital; Specialist, Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского, Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; врач – детский кардиолог, Детская городская клиническая больница имени З.А. Башляевой; специалист, Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента</p></bio><email>PshenichnikovaII@rmapo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный врач РФ, зав. кафедрой педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского</p></bio><email>zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5544-204X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borzakova</surname><given-names>Svetlana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борзакова</surname><given-names>Светлана Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Gastroenterologist, Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical Hospital; Leading Specialist, Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского, Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; врач гастроэнтеролог, Детская городская клиническая больница имени З.А. Башляевой; ведущий специалист, Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента</p></bio><email>borzakovasn@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belozerova</surname><given-names>Arina D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белозерова</surname><given-names>Арина Демьяновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3rd year student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка 3 курса</p></bio><email>arinabelozerovad@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3181-9601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osmanov</surname><given-names>Ismail M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Османов</surname><given-names>Исмаил Магомедович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Physician</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный врач</p></bio><email>OsmanovIM@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница имени З.А. Башляевой</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Polytechnic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский политехнический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-11-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>7</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-18"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-18"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/article/view/693734">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/article/view/693734</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review was aimed to the systematization of modern data on the prevalence of smoking among adolescents, the pathogenesis of «smoker’s cough» in minors and the possibilities of symptomatic therapy with butamirate. The analysis of publications from international databases (Medline/PubMed, Scopus, eLIBRARY) for 2000–2025, normative and methodological documents of WHO, the European Respiratory Society and the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) was conducted. It was shown that active or passive consumption of nicotine-containing products is observed in 8–12% of Russian schoolchildren aged 15–17, and the incidence of chronic productive cough in young smokers is 2–3 times higher than in non-smoking peers. The key pathogenetic mechanisms of cough formation include activation of TRPV1/TRPA1 sensitive afferent fibers, neutrophil-mediated inflammation, impaired mucociliary clearance and puberty-dependent increase in the sensitivity of the cough reflex (more pronounced in girls). Butamirate exhibits a dose-dependent central antitussive effect, moderate bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory potential; the cumulative reduction in the frequency of cough shocks in the child and adolescent population reaches 40–60% within the first week of treatment, and the frequency of adverse reactions does not exceed 2%. Based on a comparison with alternative agents (dextromethorphan, levodropropizine, inhaled GCS), an algorithm for managing adolescents with chronic «smoker’s cough», including the stages of screening for tobacco smoking, basic differential diagnostics of the causes of chronic cough and a short-term course of butamirate (7–14 days) with subsequent evaluation of effectiveness is proposed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Целью обзора было систематизировать современные данные о распространенности курения в подростковой среде, патогенезе «кашля курильщика» у несовершеннолетних и возможностях симптоматической терапии бутамиратом. Проведен анализ публикаций международных баз данных (Medline/PubMed, Scopus, eLIBRARY) за 2000–2025 гг., нормативно методических документов ВОЗ, Европейского респираторного общества и Национального института клинического совершенствования (NICE). Показано, что активное или пассивное потребление никотинсодержащих продуктов отмечается у 8–12% российских школьников 15–17 лет, а частота хронического продуктивного кашля у юных курильщиков превышает показатели некурящих ровесников в 2–3 раза. Ключевыми патогенетическими механизмами формирования кашля являются активация TRPV1/TRPA1 чувствительных афферентных волокон, нейтрофильно опосредованное воспаление, нарушение мукоцилиарного клиренса и пубертат-зависимое повышение чувствительности кашлевого рефлекса (более выраженное у девушек). Бутамират проявляет дозозависимое центральное противокашлевое действие, умеренный бронхолитический и противовоспалительный потенциал; кумулятивное снижение частоты кашлевых толчков в детско-подростковой популяции достигает 40–60% в пределах первой недели лечения, а частота нежелательных реакций не превышает 2%. На основании сопоставления с альтернативными средствами (декстрометорфан, леводропропизин, ингаляционные ГКС) предложен алгоритм ведения подростков с хроническим «кашлем курильщика», включающий этапы скрининга табакокурения, базовой дифференциальной диагностики причин хронического кашля и краткосрочного курса бутамирата (7–14 дней) с последующей оценкой эффективности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>chronic cough</kwd><kwd>smoking</kwd><kwd>vaping</kwd><kwd>butamirate</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>хронический кашель</kwd><kwd>курение</kwd><kwd>вейпинг</kwd><kwd>бутамират</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Njie G.J., Kirksey Jones C., Jacques N., et al. Changes in tobacco product use among students aged 13 to 15 years in 34 countries, Global Youth Tobacco Survey, 2012–2020. 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