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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmateca</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pharmateca</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фарматека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-4034</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9128</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">717263</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/pharmateca.2026.4.19-27</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Cardiology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Кардиология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prescribing anticholinergic drugs to patients with atrial fibrillation and stage 4 chronic kidney disease in real-world clinical practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Назначение антихолинергических лекарственных средств пациентам с фибрилляцией предсердий и хронической болезнью почек 4 стадии в условиях реальной клинической практики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6589-7654</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2397-8414</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikh</surname><given-names>Evgeniya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ших</surname><given-names>Евгения Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corr. Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН, зав. кафедрой клинической фармакологии и пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p></bio><email>chih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7989-354X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5630-4333</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremina</surname><given-names>Sofya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремина</surname><given-names>Софья Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант 1-го года обучения кафедры клинической фармакологии и пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p></bio><email>sofya.eremina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-4169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ebzeeva</surname><given-names>Elizaveta I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эбзеева</surname><given-names>Елизавета Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Therapy and Polymorbid Pathology named after Academician M.S. Vovsi</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры терапии и полиморбидной патологии имени академика М.С. Вовси</p></bio><email>Еveta-veta67@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2114-1227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Piksina</surname><given-names>Galina F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пиксина</surname><given-names>Галина Федоровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Cardiologist, acting deputy chief physician for emergency care</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-кардиолог, и.о. заместителя главного врача по ургентной помощи</p></bio><email>galina-piksina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-3285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>Natalya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Наталья Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Faculty Therapy at the Institute of Medical Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры факультетской терапии ИМД</p></bio><email>vrach315@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0795-8225</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3910-6585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroumova</surname><given-names>Olga D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроумова</surname><given-names>Ольга Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Therapy and Polymorbid Pathology named after Academician M.S. Vovsi, Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой терапии и полиморбидной патологии имени академика М.С. Вовси, профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><email>ostroumova.olga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Municipal Clinical Hospital №15 named after O.M. Filatov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница № 15 им. О.М. Филатова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова (Пироговский университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-08-17"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-08-13"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-08-13"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></date></history><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received:<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-08-13"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="accepted"><event-desc>Accepted:<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-08-13"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="pub"><event-desc>Published:<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-08-17"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/article/view/717263">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/article/view/717263</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background: </bold>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder in the elderly. The combination of AF and chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially against the background of a decreased glomerular filtration rate, creates significant difficulties in choosing optimal pharmacotherapy. Numerous studies demonstrate cognitive decline in patients with AF and CKD, particularly when prescribing drugs with anticholinergic burden (ACB).</p> <p><bold>Objective: </bold>To analyze drug prescriptions in hospitalized patients over 65 years of age with AF and stage 4 CKD from the perspective of anticholinergic burden (ACB) level.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods: </bold>The study included 86 patients divided into 2 groups: group 1 – 27 patients (median age 87 [82;89] years, women – 81,5%) hospitalized in 2018–2019, group 2 – 59 patients (median age 91 [87;93] years, women – 78%) treated in 2022–2023 at the same multidisciplinary hospital in the same departments. The ACB level was assessed using the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden (ACB) Scale.</p> <p><bold>Results: </bold>In the first group, 14,8% of patients had an ACB score of 1, while in the second group, this proportion was 32,2%. Patients with a total ACB score of 2 were statistically significantly more common in group 1 compared to group 2 (44,4% vs. 11,9%, respectively, p=0,002). The most frequently prescribed drugs with ACB were metoprolol, furosemide, isosorbide dinitrate, digoxin, and prednisolone. Both isolated prescriptions of these drugs and their combinations were identified.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion: </bold>In polymorphic patients, drug prescription should be carried out with extreme caution, especially concerning medications with anticholinergic burden. Appropriate prescription of these drugs should be considered as a method of preventing adverse outcomes in this category of patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность:</bold> Фибрилляция предсердий (ФП) является самым распространенным нарушением ритма сердца у лиц пожилого возраста. Сочетание ФП и хронической болезни почек (ХБП), особенно на фоне снижения скорости клубочковой фильтрации, создает существенные сложности в выборе оптимальной фармакотерапии. Множество исследований демонстрируют снижение когнитивных функций у пациентов с ФП и ХБП, в частности, при назначении препаратов с антихолинергической нагрузкой (АХН).</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования: </bold>проанализировать лекарственные назначения у госпитализированных пациентов старше 65 лет с ФП и ХБП 4 стадии с позиции уровня антихолинергической нагрузки (АХН).</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы: </bold>В исследование было включено 86 пациентов, разделенных на 2 группы: группа 1 – 27 пациентов (медиана возраста 87 [82;89] лет, женщины – 81,5%), проходивших стационарное лечение в 2018–2019 гг., группа 2 – 59 пациентов (медиана возраста 91 [87;93] лет, женщины – 78%), находившихся на лечении в 2022–2023 гг. в том же многопрофильном стационаре в тех же отделениях. Для оценки АХН использовали шкалу АСВ (Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Scale).</p> <p><bold>Результаты: </bold>В 1-й группе пациентов с 1 баллом по шкале АХН оказалось 14,8%, во 2-й группе – 32,2%. Пациентов с суммой баллов, равной 2 по шкале АХН, было статистически больше в 1-й группе, чем во 2-й группе (44,4% и 11,9% соответственно, р=0,002). Наиболее часто назначаемыми препаратами с АХН были метопролол, фуросемид, изосорбида динитрат, дигоксин и преднизолон. Выявлено как изолированное назначение этих препаратов, так и их комбинации.</p> <p><bold>Выводы: </bold>У полиморбидных пациентов назначение лекарственных средств должно проводиться с особой осторожностью, особенно в отношении препаратов с антихолинергической нагрузкой. Правильное назначение этих препаратов должно рассматриваться как метод профилактики неблагоприятных исходов у данной категории больных.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>adverse drug reactions</kwd><kwd>anticholinergic burden</kwd><kwd>old age</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>нежелательные лекарственные реакции</kwd><kwd>антихолинергическая нагрузка</kwd><kwd>пожилой возраст</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ko D., Chung M.K., Evans P.T., et al. Atrial Fibrillation: A Review. JAMA. 2025;333(4):329–342. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.22451</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Клинические рекомендации. Фибрилляция и трепетание предсердий у взрослых. 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