Some aspects of the health status of adolescent girls depending on the type of educational program and year of study

Background. To date, the question of the health status and the influence of risk factors on the formation of chronic diseases in adolescents studying in various subject-oriented education programs have not been sufficiently studied. Comprehensive scientific research in the field of school medicine would help to better understand the characteristics of the formation of chronic pathology and expand the possibilities of influencing modifiable risk factors. Objective. Evaluation of the health status of grade 9-11 girls studying in different specialized classes, depending on the type of educational program and year of study. Methods The study design involved organizing informational meetings for schoolgirls and their parents, the teaching staff of the school and medical staff in order to explain the relevance of this study and obtaining informed consent, as well as a clinical and anamnestic examination of girls with a detailed analysis of the unified follow-up card. The results were processed by methods of variation statistics using the software package for the Microsoft Excel PC and on-line calculators for calculating statistical criteria. Student's t-test was used for comparison of relative values. Results. Of the 208 observed grade 9-11 schoolgirls, only 29 (13.9%) had the first group of health. 37.5% of high school students had the second group of health, and 48.6% - the third ones. Among the risk factors for the development of chronic diseases, a low level of knowledge on the development and functioning of the organs of the reproductive system, a violation of the daily regimen and nutrition, a high percentage of smoking and lack of exercise should be noted. The health status of girls studying in specialized classes was characterized by a higher frequency of occurrence of the first group of health; however, the development of arterial hypertension, more pronounced menstrual irregularities, and a higher frequency of low body weight were revealed. At the same time, there were no profile differences in indicators within the group; therefore, not the orientation of the educational program, but the fact of the transition to the study of a particular specialty is of importance. Also, there were no significant age differences. Conclusion. As a result of this study, an understanding of the current state of health of adolescent girls was obtained, which made it possible to identify the risk groups of students requiring a more detailed examination, as well as the developent of the principles of differentiated medical and social support and correction.

adolescent girls, subject-oriented educational program, general education profile, health group, chronic diseases, daily regimen, nutrition, physical inactivity, medical and social support