Unmanned transport and transport-technological systems. Application review. Part 1

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Abstract

The paper is a scientific review of unmanned aircraft systems (unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones) specializing in various types of cargo transportation. The development of the use of unmanned aircraft systems in postal and cargo logistics is presented, the main requirements of legal regulation and infrastructural requirements for the operation of drones are given, the influence of external factors and the social aspects of drone operation are described. An analysis of their practical application in various industries is given: agriculture and forestry, fisheries, wildlife protection, various types of environmental monitoring (including air quality control), mining, defense and civilian sectors, space industry, as well as during search and rescue missions. The tasks of Arctic exploration using drones are highlighted. The paper includes a historical review of the development of unmanned technologies, a description of Russian and international standards, classifications and categories of unmanned aircraft systems. In addition, the key advantages and limitations of unmanned systems are disclosed, as well as specific problems associated with the mail delivery by drones. The prospects of using unmanned vehicles are given. The main stages of scientific and technical development of unmanned systems are given. Unmanned aerial vehicles continue to evolve, and the next paper will cover the classification and development process of unmanned aerial vehicles.

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About the authors

Evgeny V. Solomin

South Ural State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: nii-uralmet@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4694-0490
SPIN-code: 7191-4503

Dr. Sci. (Engineering), professor, Professor of the Electric Power Plants, Networks and Power Supply Systems Department;

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Konstantin V. Osintsev

South Ural State University

Email: osintsev2008@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0791-2980
SPIN-code: 7497-3608

Dr. Sci. (Engineering), assistant professor, Head of the Industrial Heat Power Engineering Department

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Andrey A. Lisov

South Ural State University

Email: lisov.andrey2013@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7282-8470
SPIN-code: 1956-3662

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), assistant professor, 1st Cat Design Engineer of the Competence Center for Electrical Equipment and Electronic Control Systems

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Andrey S. Martyanov

South Ural State University

Email: martyanov_andrey@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9997-9989
SPIN-code: 7745-3958

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), assistant professor, Assistant professor of the Electric Power Plants, Networks and Power Supply Systems Department

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Nikita A. Pshenisnov

South Ural State University

Email: pshenisnovna@icloud.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-3734-9177
SPIN-code: 9355-3847

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), assistant professor, Lecturer of the Industrial Heat Power Engineering Department

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Hanna Shahin

South Ural State University

Email: hannashahin9902@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-5670-8144

Postgraduate of the Electric Power Plants, Networks and Power Supply Systems Department

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Sergey A. Gandza

South Ural State University

Email: gandja_sa@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4969-3253
SPIN-code: 7658-3690

Dr. Sci. (Engineering), professor, Professor of the Electric Drive, Mechatronics and Electromechanics Department

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Maxim M. Dudkin

South Ural State University

Email: dudkinmax@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4876-8775
SPIN-code: 5703-3117

Dr. Sci. (Engineering), assistant professor, Professor of the Electric Drive, Mechatronics and Electromechanics Department

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Dmitry S. Antipin

South Ural State University

Email: andimas98@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-3372-6718
SPIN-code: 6666-1319

Postgraduate of the Electric Power Plants, Networks and Power Supply Systems Department

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Matvey Yu. Parshakov

South Ural State University

Email: motya.pirozhkov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-2591-844X

Student of the Electric Power Plants, Networks and Power Supply Systems Department

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

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2. Fig. 1. The Zipline Unmanned aerial systems (UAS): a, UAS takeoff; b, cargo drop from the UAS with a parachute.

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3. Fig. 2. The scheme of delivery shipments by drones.

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4. Fig. 3. The urban airspace.

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5. Fig. 4. Development of the area.

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